FOREST POLICY. 129 



forest area to V5 of its pre-revolutionary acreage. All 



restrictions of private dispositions suddenly removed. 

 1803 Change of forest into farm prohibited for 25 years. 

 1827 Code forestier. 

 1860 First governmental attempts at reforestation in Alps and 



Pyrenees, preceded by successful work on the sand dunes 



of the southwest (Gascogne). 

 1882 Model law relative to reforestation (Demontzey). 

 1900 Average annual expense for government reforestation 



$700,000. Annual expense for salaries and improvements 



in Algeria $600,000. Here, and in other French colonies 



(Tunis, Madagascar, Indo China, Reunion), governmental 



forest administrations are established. 

 1910 Superior foresters are trained at Nancy [technical school]. 



Forest area totals 23,500,000 acres, composed as follows: 

 State forest, 2,700,000 acres of which 600,000 acres are 



protective forests. 



Municipal forest, 4,700,000 acres. 

 Private forest, 16,100,000 acres. 



AUSTRIA. 



1800 1870 Financial stringency forces the government, from 

 time to time, to sell large portions of the Crown forests. 



1852 Law forbidding devastation and clearing, for farm purposes, 

 of private forests by the owners. 



Forests of protective character must be conservatively man- 

 aged. 



1853 Law enabling owner to free his forests from prescriptive 

 rights. 



1868 Tax relief on reforested land, for ten years. 



1884 Law allowing expropriation of forests at the head of catch- 

 ment basins. 



1895 Reorganization of Forest service. 



1910 Total forest area, in Austria, 24,000,000 acres. Forest area, 

 administered by government staff, 2,500,000 acres. Area 

 of protective forests 2,000,000 acres. 

 14.50/0 of the communal forests, and 38.4o/o of the private 

 forests are conservatively treated, on the basis of working 

 plans. 



SCHENCK, FOREST POLICY. 9 



