Hartig's Rules. 97 



tion (density) that it cannot, before the seeding takes 

 place, grow up to grass and weeds. 



(4) "With species whose seed loses its power of 

 germination through frost, as is the case with the oak 

 and beech, the compartments must be given such a 

 position (density) that the foliage which after the fall 

 of seed covers and protects the same cannot be carried 

 away by wind. 



(5) "All stands must be given such density that the 

 germinating plants in the same, as long as they are still 

 tender, find sufficient protection from their mother trees 

 against heat of the sun and against cold. 



(6) "So soon as the young stand resulting from 

 natural regeneration does not any longer require this 

 motherly protection, it must gradually, through the care- 

 ful removal of the mother trees, be accustomed to the 

 weather, and finally must be entirely brought into the 

 open position. 



(7) "All the young growths, whether secured by 

 natural or artificial seeding, must be freed from the ac- 

 companying less useful species and from weeds, if these 

 in spite of all precaution threaten the better kinds. 



(8) "From every young forest until it is full grown, 

 the suppressed wood must be removed from time to 

 time, so that the trees which are ahead or dominate 

 may grow the better; the upper perfect crown cover, 

 however, must not be interrupted until it is the intention 

 to grow a new forest again in the place of the old one/' 



Since these rules are applicable only in beech forests, 

 much mischief and misconception resulted from their 

 generalization; pure even-aged high forests became the 

 ideal, and the mixed forest, which was originally the 



