Methods of Organization. 107 



the end of the rotation was considered desirable. 



Cotta based his system of forest organization upon a 

 method described by a Bavarian, Schilcher (1796) ; 

 it relied primarily upon area rather than volume di- 

 vision. This method was later on (1817), called by him 

 Flaechenfachwerh (area allotment). It divides the ro- 

 tation into periods and allots areas for each periodic 

 felling budget. But before this time, in 1804, Cotta 

 had himself formulated a method of his o-vm, which com- 

 bined the area and volume method, the volume being the 

 main basis and the area being merely used as a check. 

 While Hartig dogmatically and persistently carried out 

 his difficult scheme, Cotta was open-minded enough to 

 improve his method of regulation, and by 1820, in his 

 Anweisung zur Forsteinrichtung und Abschaetzung, he*^ 

 comes to his final position of basing the sustained yield 

 entirely on the area allotment, using the estimate of vol- 

 ume simply to secure an approximately uniform felling 

 budget. He laid particular stress on orderly pro- 

 cedure in the subdivision and progress of the fellings. 

 He did not prepare an elaborate working plan binding 

 for the entire rotation, but merely prescribed the princi- 

 ples of the general management, and in 1816 he made 

 felling and planting plans only for the next decade. \ 



A similar method making a closer combination of vol- 

 ume and area allotment, now known as the combined 

 allotment, in which the area forms the main basis for 

 distributing the felling budgets, was prescribed by Klip- 

 stein in 1833. This confines the working plan to the 

 first period of the rotation and for this period alone 

 makes a rather careful statement of the expected vol- 

 ume budget; a new budget is then to be determined at 



