138 Germany. 



der Forst und Jagdhunde was formed in which all the 

 noted foresters joined with much enthusiasm, and in 

 1801, a membership of 81 regular and 61 honorary 

 members was attained. At the same time the official 

 organ Diana was founded (1797), in which the essays 

 of the members were to be printed, after having passed 

 four censors. Two sessions were to be held annually. 

 This much too elaborate plan for the then rather un- 

 developed education and means of transportation de- 

 feated to some extent the great object. By 1812 it was 

 thought necessary to divide the academy at least into a 

 northern and southern section, and for the latter an 

 additional journal edited by Laurop was instituted. 

 The interest, however, decreased continually and by 

 1843, at Bechstein's death, the academy was abandoned. 

 At the same time there had sprung up a number of 

 local associations in the modern sense. The first in 

 1820, composed of the foresters and agriculturists of 

 Nassau ; the next in 1839, of the foresters of Baden, and 

 by 1860 nine such local societies of foresters were in 

 existence and they have since increased rapidly until now 

 some thirty may be counted. The desire to bring these 

 local associations into relation to each other led to the 

 first Forestry Congress in 1837 (Congress der Land- 

 und Forstwirthe) , meeting at Dresden. At that time 

 and in the congresses following, the agriculturists 

 played a leading part, so that in 1839 the South Ger- 

 man foresters separated, and peripatetic congresses were 

 held every one or two years. In 1869 a general organ- 

 ,'ization was determined upon, and in 1872 the first geri- 

 "^ eral German Congress of Foresters met, holding yearly 

 meetings thereafter. A rival association having been 



