280 Mediterranean Peninsulas. 



large export of currants, some 2 million boxes. The tax 

 during the decade from 1862 to 1871 produced an annual 

 income of $600,000, a little less in 1895. 



The forest has been from olden times, and is now al- 

 most entirely, State property (some 80 or 90 per cent.) 

 and in nearly all the remaining, private, communal and 

 cloister property the State has a partial ownership or 

 supervision. The v^^aste land of probably 3 million acres 

 extent also belongs to the State, the whole State property 

 covering over 30 per cent, of the land area. 



2. Development of Forest Policies. 



The history of the country has been so unfortunate, 

 and political conditions so unsettled that only lately 

 efforts at improvement in economic conditions could 

 hope to receive attention. For centuries after Greece 

 had become a Roman province (146 B. C), it changed 

 rulers, Eomans, Byzantines, Franks, Venetians follow- 

 ing each other, until, in 1446, it came under the Turkish 

 yoke. In 1829 freedom, but no settled order as yet, v^'as 

 attained through the assistance of Great Britain, France 

 and Eussia, and the elected kings, Otho (of Bavaria), 

 Alfred (of England) and George (of Denmark) succes- 

 sively tried to secure social order and efficient constitu- 

 tional government. 



By the time this new era had arrived there was prob- 

 ably little valuable forest worthy of the name left, except 

 in the inaccessible mountain districts. 



A first definite attempt to regulate matters was made 

 by Otho, who being a German, took a personal interest in 

 this forest property, and instituted for each province 

 forest inspectors (dasarchys) under one chief inspector, 

 with forest guards to prevent devastation by fire and 



