Forest Policy. 365 



manufacture without waste must be fulfilled, and a 

 ground rent, a bonus, and timber dues for all timber 

 cut are to be paid by the limit holder, details and 

 prices varying and being changed from time to time. 



A Department of Crown-Lands in the Dominion 

 government and in each province (in Nova Scotia the 

 Attorney-General acting as such) administers the lands. 

 Scalers or cullers attend to the measuring of the cut. 

 The revenue derived by this system by all the provinces 

 amounts now to round 4.5 million dollars per year, 

 Ontario leading with about 18,000 square miles now 

 under license, (mostly pine), producing $2,650,000, 

 some 30 million dollars having altogether accrued 

 since 1868; Quebec, with over 62,000 square miles 

 under license, (mostly in spruce,) producing only 

 $1,167,000, some 7 million dollars having accrued dur- 

 ing the 37 years. Since land for settlement is, as in 

 the United States, obtainable by homestead and other 

 entries, a good many fraudulent applications under 

 guise of settlement have curtailed the revenue, until 

 now closer scrutiny of the fitness of land for settlement 

 is made. 



The retention of the lands by the government is 

 naturally a feature which would permit and should 

 have earlier induced conservative forestry methods, 

 but the immediate revenue interest has had and still iX 

 has a more potent influence than considerations of the 

 future. 



The impetus to introduce conservative features 

 seems to have largely come through the influence of the 

 forestry movement in the United States, and, although, 



34 



