DECIDUOUS TREES. 43 



some of the magnolias. It requires a dry and deep rich soil, 

 in order to develop its greatest beauty; but it will thrive in any 

 good loam where there is a perfect drainage. 



Walnut Juglans. Under the name of walnut we have the 

 European walnut, and the black walnut of our native forests. 



The European walnut, perhaps most commonly known as 

 Madeira nut, although largely planted in France and Germany 

 for its fruit, has not received much attention in this country. 

 In our Northern States it is not quite hardy. As an ornamental 

 tree, in a climate suited to it, it makes a pleasing variety because 

 of the contrast in its foliage with that of most other trees ; but 

 as it casts its foliage early in the season, it can not be commended 

 for planting except in grounds of large extent and variety. 



The black walnut juglans nigra makes a very rapid growth, 

 and becomes a very large and spreading tree. For broad streets 

 in the country, or for massing in grounds of great extent, it is 

 desirable ; but when there is only a limited space of say an acre 

 or two to lie planted, or a narrow avenue, it should not be used. 

 As a single tree, where it can have space, the light and shade 

 created by its foliage, and its sweeping, bold ramifications of 

 outline, give to it an expression of beauty ; but it must have 

 room. 



Willow Salix, There is a large genus of willows, all of 

 narrow leaves and slender branches or spray. Few of them, 

 however, are calculated for general introduction for ornamental 

 planting. The weeping varieties will be found treated of under 

 their appropriate head. Of the others, the golden salix vitellina, 

 with its bright yellow bark, is a tree deserving of adoption 

 wherever it can be grouped with the birch, wild cherry, or trees 

 of a like character. It should be used, however, very sparingly, 

 one or two being sufficient for grounds of even large extent. 

 Occasionally a position is found where a single tree becomes 

 very beautiful, from its rich shade of spray in winter, and its 



