24 MAMMALIA. 



I. PRIMATES. Fore-teeth cutting, upper four parallel; tusks solitary ; 

 mammae two, pectoral ; feet used as hands ; nails flattened, oval ; food 

 fruits, except a few which use animal food. 



II. BRUTA. Fore-teeth in either jaw none; feet with strong hoof like 

 nails ; motion slow ; food chiefly vegetables. 



III. FER2E. Fore-teeth conical, usually six in each jaw; tusks longer; 

 grinders with conic projections ; feet with claws; claws subulate ; food 

 carcases, and preying on other animals. 



IV. GLIRES. Fore-teeth cutting, two in each jaw ; tusks none ; feet form- 

 ed with claws for running and bounding ; food, bark, roots, vegeta- 

 bles, &c. which they gnaw. 



V. PEC OR A. Fore- teeth cutting, upper jaw none, under jaw many ; 

 feet hoofed, cloven; food, herbs which they pluck; chew the cud; 

 stomachs, four. 



VI. BELLILZE. Fore-teeth obtuse; feet hoofed; motion heavy; food 

 vegetables. 



VII. CETE. Pectoral fins instead of feet ; tail horizontal, flattened ; 

 claws none ; teeth cartilaginous ; nostrils a fistulous opening in the an- 

 terior and upper part of the head ; food molluscu and fish ; inhabit 

 the ocean. 



The example of Linnaeus was not without its effect in lead- 

 ing others to attempt the improvement of Natural History. Be- 

 tween the publication of the first and twelfth edition of the Sys- 

 tema Naturae, many authors made their appearance, who, emu- 

 lous of his fame, endeavoured to share or divide the reputation 

 of the author. Among these was the Comte de Buffon, who, 

 while Linnaeus described the mammiferous animals in the se- 

 vere and simple language of science, attracted the attention of 

 all classes of readers to the subject by his less exact but more 

 brilliant colouring. The first volumes of the Natural History 

 of this celebrated author appeared in 1 749. Disregarding sys- 

 tematic order, he supplied its place, in detailing the manners of 

 the various races, by an enthusiastic and powerful eloquence, 

 which, however, has too often led to exaggeration, and uncon- 

 sciously seduced him to transfer the passions of men to the ac- 

 tions of animals. 



J. T. Klein, in 1751, published his Quadrupedum dispositio 

 brevisque kistoria naturalis. In this work the Mammalia are 

 divided into two orders, 1. those which have the foot terminated 

 by one or more hoofs ; and, 2. those which have claws or fingers. 

 In 1756, Brisson followed by a work entitled Le Rcgne Ani- 

 mal divise en onze classes, in which the Mammalia arc divided 



