TROGLODYTES. MAMMALIA. 41 



1st TRIBE. APES OF THE OLD CONTINENT. 

 (SimicB Catarrhini, Geoff.) 



Five molars on each side in both jaws, crowned with blunt tuber- 

 cles ; nostrils approaching, having between them only a thin 

 partition ; tail none, or short, or long, never prehensile ; 

 often with cheek-pouches and callosities. Inhabits Africa, 

 India, and the neighbouring islands. 



Gen. 2. TROGLODYTES, Geoff. Pithecus, Cuv.Simia, Lin. 



Incisors J, canines^-}, molars |-f, = 32.- Canines little project- 

 ing, contiguous to the incisors and molars, as those of man ; 

 head rounded ; muzzle little projecting ; superciliary ridge 

 prominent ; facial angle 50 ; arms almost proportioned to the 

 legs, reaching to the bottom of the thighs ; thumbs long and 

 opposable ; no tail, cheek-pouches^ intermaxillary bones, nor 

 callosities on the buttocks. 



T. niger,Desm. (Simia Troglodytes, Ijm.) The Chimpanse. Arms of 

 moderate length ; fur black ; mouth and ears large ; canine teeth 

 scarcely surpassing the incisors ; lips with some stiff hairs ; belly 

 flat and large ; buttocks naked and not callous ; body covered 

 with long black and thinly scattered coarse hair,, that on the 

 shoulders longer than elsewhere ; hair on the fore-arm directed 

 towards the elbow ; face naked, of a brown colour, with the 

 exception of the cheeks, which have hair similar to that of the 

 body ; belly almost naked. About three feet in length. 



The Chimpanse, about which so many fables have been related, most resembles 

 man in organization. It lives in troops, and can use a stick to lean upon or for 

 defence. It is very intelligent, and susceptible of considerable education. It is 

 sometimes said to pursue negresses. If there be any truth in the statements of 

 travellers, regarding the great wild man of the woods of Africa, there is little reason 

 to doubt that this formidable animal will turn out to be the adult Chimpanse, as all 

 the specimens brought to Europe displayed their nonage by their teeth and other 

 indications. Inhabits Africa, particularly on the coasts of Angola and Congo. 



Gen. 3. PITHECUS, Cuv. Geoff. Simia, Lin. 



Incisors |, canines {-^ 9 molars f-f, = 32. Canine teeth a 

 little longer than the others ; molars more square than in man, 

 with tubercles more pronounced ; head rounded ; no super- 

 ciliary ridge, at least in young individuals ; facial angle 50 

 to 65 ; arms excessively long ; thumbs pretty short ; no tail 

 or cheek-pouches ; callosities on the buttocks in some spe- 

 cies ; ears rounded, similar to those of man. 



This genus approaches nearest to man by their intelligence. Inhabits Cochinchina, 

 Malacca, Borneo, and the islands of the Indian Archipelago. 



