CANIS. MAMMALIA. 93 



throat, and belly clear reddish-white ; a brown band on the cheeks 

 under each eye. Inhabits Pondicherry. Diet. Sc. Nat. xxvii. 



L. inmiguis, F. Cuv. Fur chestnut-brown above,, deeper on the 

 buttock, tail, and legs ; lower parts white ; toes large, semipal- 

 mated, without claws. Cape of Good Hope Diet. Sc. Nat. xxvii. 



L. leptonyx, Horsf. Fur shining fulvous brown; throat dull yellow; 

 claws short, blunt, nearly laminar. Inhabits Java. Horsf. Jav. vii. 



L. marina, Erxleb. Desm. The Sea Otter. Fur blackish, shin- 

 ing ; body very long ; tail about a third of the length of the bo- 

 dy ; hind feet very short Shaw, i. pi. 101. 



Var. A. With white head Dr Fleming, in his Philosophy of Zoology, makes a 

 separate genus of this species under the name of Enhydra, and places it and 

 the genus Lutra alongst with the seals. 



2d Division. Two tuberculous flat teeth behind the great 

 carnivorous tooth in the upper jaw. 



Gen. 73. CANIS, Lin. Cuv. Geoff. 



Incisors , canines J J, molars f-f =. 42. The three first 

 molars in the upper jaw, and the four in the lower, small, 

 edged ; the great carnivorous tooth above bicuspid, with a 

 tubercle on the inner side ; two tuberculous teeth behind 

 each of the large carnivorous ones ; muzzle elongated ; tongue 

 soft ; ears erect ; fore-feet pentadactylous ; hind feet tetra- 

 dactylous ; teats inguinal and ventral. 



* DOGS. Pupils of the eyes round. 



C. familiar is, Lin. Desm. Tail curved upwards; muzzle more or 

 less lengthened ; fur varying in the nature of the hair, and of 

 various colours ; tail generally tipped with white. 



The dog, distinguished by its curved tail, runs into endless varieties in point of 

 size, form, and the colour and quality of the hair. The domestication of this animal 

 is, in Cuvier's opinion, the most complete, the most singular, and the most useful con- 

 quest man has ever made. All the species has become his peculiar property ; and 

 each individual, devoted to his master alone, accommodates itself to his manners, 

 protects his goods, and remains attached to him till death. This connection arises 

 not from constraint, nor from the want of man's protection ; for the dog has natu- 

 rally powers of defence and attack superior to most of the quadrupeds, but from a 

 species of confidence approaching to friendship. Its strength, its speed, and its smell, 

 have made it a powerful ally in the subjugation of the other animals, and it is the 

 only animal which has followed man through every quarter of the globe, and the 

 only one whose existence and propagation does not seem to be determined by certain 

 limitations of latitude. 



Some naturalists have thought that the dog is derived from the wolf, and others 

 that it has originated from a domesticated chacal, and there is no doubt but that both 

 of these animals are capable of being tamed and rendered useful ; but dogs which 

 have been left in uninhabited islands and become completely wild, neither resemble 

 the one nor the other, The wild dogs, and those of people in the first stage of civi- 

 lization, such as the inhabitants of New Holland, have their ears erect ; which has 

 led to the supposition that the European races neatest the original type are the shep- 

 herd's dog and the Pomeranian dog ; but the comparison between their craniums 

 approach them more to the matin of Buffon (C. laniariiu, Lin.) and the Danish dog, 

 the harrier, the pointer, and the turnspit, which differ but little from them except 



