PHASCOCH^ERUS. MAMMALIA. 139 



of Europe possesses a black race with short limbs. The races of France have the 

 bones generally small, and the head pointed ; and there is a solidungulous variety, 

 but in which traces of the hoofs may be observed. There is, besides, the Turkish 

 pig, the Siamese pig, and other varieties more or less characterized by family 

 likenesses. 



The fecundity of the hog is very 'great. A hog belonging to Mr Thomas Rich- 

 dale, Leicestershire, had produced, in the year 1797? three hundred and fifty young 

 ones in twenty litters ; four years before it brought forth two hundred and five in twelve 

 litters ; and in Vauban's opinion in twelve generations the produce of a single pair 

 would produce as many as Europe could support. Among the ancients the hog was 

 in much esteem ; it was the peculiar sacrifice to Ceres ; and in the Island of Crete it 

 was regarded as sacred. In ancient Rome the art of rearing and fattening them was 

 much studied, and a dressed hog was among the most expensive of the imperial dishes. 

 The Jews and Mahometans do not eat the flesh of the hog. 



S. babyrussa, Lin. Tusks long, slender, turned up vertically ; the 

 upper ones bent behind ; legs long. Inhabits India Islands. 

 Griff. An. King. iii. p. 408. 



S. larvatus, Desm. Tusks moderate, angular and lateral ; a large 

 fleshy tubercle on each cheek. Size of the European wild boar. 

 Inhabits Madagascar. Schreb. t. 327- 



Gen. 128. PHASCOCH^RUS, Cuv. Desm. Sus, Lin. Geoff. 



Incisors f , canines \-\, molars f-f =r 30. Tusks very strong, 

 lateral, and directed upwards ; molars composed of cylinders 

 of enamel, inclosing the osseous substance ; large warts on the 

 cheeks ; toes like the hog. 



P. Africanus, Desm. (Sus JEthiopicus, Lin.) Tusks rounded, very 

 thick, directed laterally and vertically ; a large fleshy lobe on 

 each cheek. Nearly five feet long. Africa. Griff, iii. p. 410. 



Gen. 129. DICOTYLES, Cuv. Desm. Sus, Lin. Geoff. 



Incisors | 5 canines |-^, molars f-f 38. Canines or tusks 

 not projecting from the mouth ; the other teeth like those of 

 the hog ; four toes before, three behind, only two of which 

 lean upon the ground ; a glandular opening on the back, 

 from which exudes a fetid humour ; no tail. 



D. torquatus, F. Cuv. Desm. The Peccari. Hair of the fur an- 

 nulated with dirty white and black ; a large whitish oblique line 

 descending from the shoulders over the sides of the neck. About 

 two feet and a half long. S. America Shaw, ii. pi. 224. 



/D. labiatus, F. Cuv. Desm. Fur of a uniform blackish brown ; lips 

 white. Three feet long. S. America Griff, iii. 413. 



Cuvier has mentioned two genera of fossil quadrupeds, the Cheer opotamus^ the ge- 

 neral form and size of the head of which is similar to the hog ; found in the gyp- 

 sum quarries near Paris ; and the Anthracotherium^ which includes a large species, 

 of which the remains have been found at Genes. 



Gen. 130. ANOPLOTHERIUM, Cuv. (Fossil.) 

 Incisors f , canines i-^, molars %-% 44. Teeth all in one 

 line ; general form intermediate between the rhinoceros and 

 horse ; feet terminated by two toes ; molar teeth in crescent- 

 formed lines or tuberculous. Oss, Foss. 2d edit. 



