

140 MAMMALIA. PACHYDEHMA. 



A. vulgaris, Cuv. Size of the ass. Found fossil near Paris. 



A. secundarium, Cuv. Size of the hog. 



A. medium, Cuv. Size and form of the goat. 



A. minus, Cuv. Size of the hare. * 



A. minimum, Cuv. Size of the Guinea pig. 



Sd Division. Toes always unequal in number on the hind- 

 feet, and often on those before. 



Gen. 131. RHINOCEROS, Lin. Cuv. Desm. 

 Incisors g or f or f , canines g-g, molars J-? or f- = 32 or 

 36. Incisors unequal among themselves when they exist ; 

 anterior molars small, the posterior increasing progressively ; 

 eyes small, lateral ; ears long, narrow ; three toes on all the 

 feet ; one or two horns, placed on the nose, above the nasal 

 cavity ; skin very thick, naked, and rugous, tail short ; la- 

 terally compressed. 



R. Indicus, Desm. Cuv. (R. unicortiis, Lin.) One horn on the 

 nose ; two strong incisors in each jaw, with a small tooth on each 

 side of those in the upper jaw ; skin forming several deep folds. 

 Length upwards of ten feet. Inhabits India. Griff, iii. 424. 

 The Rhinoceros with one horn, the unicorn of the Sacred Writings, and the type 

 of the fabulous animal of heraldry, approaches to the elephant in size, and like it 

 feeds on vegetable substances. Its body is heavy, and the skin, which is very thick, 

 forms rugous folds in different parts. The knowledge of this circumstance among 

 the older naturalists led them to multiply these folds, and to figure this animal com- 

 pletely encased in native armour. According to Mr Burchell, whose opportunities of 

 examination were abundant, the horns of this genus do not envelope a bony core like 

 those of the ruminating animals, nor do they partake of the osseous nature of the 

 horns of stags, but appear to be formed of horny fibres, growing from the skin, like 

 thick hairs closely cemented together. The smell of the rhinoceros is so keen that it 

 can perceive at a great distance the approach of men, and it is only by advancing 

 against the wind that the hunter can get within musket shot. Their power of hear- 

 ing is equally acute. In a specimen lately exhibited in Britain, the colour of the 

 nearly naked skin was gray with a violet tint, and under the folds of the skin flesh- 

 coloured. He was habitually gentle, knew those who supplied him with food, and 

 opened his mouth and put out his tongue for it. His long upper lip seemed peculi- 

 arly useful in collecting his food. He was about eight feet long. 



R. Sondaicus, Cuv. One horn on the nose ; skin rugous, covered 

 with thinly scattered brown hairs ; margin of the ears and tail 

 with numerous short hairs. Nearly six feet long Sumatra.^ 



R. Africanus, Desm. (R. bicornis, Lin.) Two horns upon the nose 

 no folds of the skin ; no incisors in either jaw. About the size 

 of the Indian species. Inhabits Southern Africa. Shaw, i. pi. 61. 



R. Sumatrensis, Cuv. Two horns on the nose ; skin almost with- 

 out folds ; two incisors in each jaw. Sumatra. Shaw, i. pi. 62. v 



R. Camus, Griff. Horns two ; muzzle truncated ; skin without 

 folds. Nearly double the size of the common two horned rhi- 

 noceros of Africa. Southern Africa Burchell 's Travels, ii. 75. 



R. Pallassiij Cuv. (fossil.) Head elongated, supporting two long 



