170 BIRDS. 



Baron Cuvier, in his Regne Animal, published in 1817, preser- 

 ved all the orders of Linnaeus, with the exception of that of 

 Piece, replacing it by his order Scansores for birds which 

 have two toes before and behind, and classing the others among 

 his Passeres. His arrangement in the Regne Animal stands 

 thus : 



I. ACCIPITRES, divided into Diurnal and Nocturnal. 



II. PASSERES, divided into Dentirostres, Fissirostres, Conirostres, 



Tenuirostres, and Syndactyli. 



III. SCANSORES, or Climbers. 



IV. GALLING, or birds resembling the domestic cock. 

 V. GRALLJE, or Waders, divided into Brevipennes, Pressirostres, 



Cultirostres, and Macrodactyles. 

 VI. PALMIPEDES, divided into Brachypteri, Longipennes, Totipal- 



mes, and Lamellirostres. 



M. de Lacepede also published a method in 1799, dividing 

 the birds into forty orders ; and M. Constant Dumeril in 1806, 

 in his Zoologie Analytique, comprises them in six. Meyer and 

 Wolf, in their work on German Birds, (1810,) make nine orders 

 of this class ; and Illiger in 1811 divides them into seven or- 

 ders, forty-one families, and 147 genera. 



M. Vieillot, a celebrated French ornithologist, and the author 

 of the splendid work on the Birds in the French Museum, gave 

 a methodical arrangement of birds in the 24th volume of the 

 Nouveau Dictionnaire ffHistoire Naturelle, in which the 

 Class is arranged into five orders. 



I. ACCIPITRES, divided into DIURNAL and NOCTURNAL; and con- 

 taining four families, viz. Vulturini, Gypaeti, Accipitrini, and 

 JEgolii. 



II. SYLVICOL^E, divided into two tribes, viz. ZYGODACTYLI and ANI- 

 SODACTYLI, and thirty families. The families of the first tribe are 

 Psittacini, Macroglossi, Aureoli, Pteroglossi, Barbati, Imberbi, and 

 Frugivori; of the second, Granivori, JEgithali, Pericalles, Textores, 

 Leimonites, Carunculati, Paradisei, Coraces, Baccivori, Chelidones, 

 Myiotheres, Colluriones, Canori, Aneropontes, Anthomyzi, Epop- 

 sides, Pelmatodes, Antriades, Prionoti, Lyriferi, Dysodes, Colum- 

 bini, and Alectrides. 

 III. GALLINJE, two families, viz. Nudipedes and Plumipedes. 



IV. GRALLATORES, divided into two tribes, viz. DI-TRIDACTYLI and 



TETRADACTYLI, and fifteen families. To the first tribe belong the 

 families Megisthanes, Pedionomi, -^gialites ; to the second, Helo- 

 nomi, Falcirostres, Latirostres, Herodiones, Aerophoni, Coleoram- 

 phi, Uncirostres, Hylebates, Macronyches, Macrodactyli, Pinna- 

 tipedes, and Palmipedes. 



