210 BIRDS. INSECTIVOR^. 



1u.gitlaris,Tem. (Paradisea gularis,ltaih.) Plum age purplish-black; 

 back and under parts blackish gold-green ; the throat golden-cop- 

 per-coloured, and the tail very long and cuneated. Size of a 

 blackbird. Inhabits the Moluccas Shaw, vii. pi. 70. 



L. auratusy Tern. ( Tnrdus auratus, Lath.) Plumage golden-green, 

 with the head,, neck, and body below violet ; tail and bands of the 

 wings blue; bill fuscous.; iris yellow. Eighteen inches long. In- 

 habits Africa Buff. PL Enl 504. 



L. nitens,Tem. (Turdusnitens,~L\Ti..) Plum age green, with a bright 

 violet-coloured spot on the coverts of the wings. Nine inches long. 

 Inhabits Cape of Good Hope. Edrv. t. 320. 



L. atratus, Tern. (Tanagra atratus, Lin.) Plumage glossy black; 

 back subviolaceous ; bill black. Size of the Thrush. Inhabits 

 India Lath. Ind. 430. 



L. metallicus, Tern. Feathers of the head, nape, neck, in front and 

 back elongated, and glossed with metallic purple ..violet, and green; 

 back and body beneath purple ; wings and tail metallic green. 

 Nine inches long. Inhabits Timor Tern. PL Col. 266. 



L. erythrophrys, Tern. Orbits and ears black ; vent yellow ; wings 

 green, the tips of the quills brown ; tail olivaceous, the two mid- 

 dle feathers whitish-yellow towards the tip ; feathers of the fore- 

 head stiff, shining, and of a vermilion colour. 9 inches long. 

 Inhabits Java Tern. PL Col. 267. 



ORDER III. INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS. Insectivorce. 



Bill middle sized or short, straight, rounded, slightly edged or 

 awl-shaped; upper mandible curved and notched at the point, 

 most frequently furnished at the base with some coarse hairs, 

 pointing forwards ; feet with three toes before and one behind, 

 articulated on the same level, the exterior united at its base, 

 or to the first joint of the middle toe. 



The voice of these birds is distinguished by its harmony and cadence. Most of them 

 chiefly subsist on insects, especially during the breeding season, but many of them 

 have likewise recourse to berries. They have usually more than one brood in the 

 year, and inhabit woods, bushes, or reeds, in which they build solitary nests. 



Gen. 1. TURDUS, Lin. 



Bill middle-sized, sharp edged, tip compressed and recurved ; 

 upper mandible notched near the point ; detached hairs at 

 the opening of the mandibles ; nostrils basal, ovoid, lateral, 

 half concealed by a naked membrane ; tarsus longer than the 

 middle toe, to which last the outer is united at the base. 



This genus, numerous in species, is divided by Temminck into two sections, those 

 which inhabit woods and thickets in the lower grounds, and those which live solitary 

 in rocky and mountainous situations. Many of the European species migrate ia 

 large flocks, whilst others are sedentary, especially in the south of Europe. Most 



