BIRDS. GBANIVOILK. 



bent at the point over the lower ; lower broad, rounded, with 

 obtuse point; nostrils basal, lateral, half covered by a feathered 

 membrane ; tarsus longer than the middle toe ; toes divided, 

 the lateral ones equal ; wings, first feather obsolete, second 

 shorter than the third. 



P. psittacea, Tern. Plumage olive-brown ; head and neck yellow. 

 Inhabits Sandwich Islands. Shaw, ix. 268. 



Gen. 8. PYRRHULA, Briss. Loxia, Lin. 



Bill short, thick, gibbous at the sides, compressed at the tip 

 and towards the ridge ; both mandibles convex, particularly 

 the upper one, the tip of which overhangs the lower ; nostrils 

 basal, lateral, rounded, and most frequently concealed by fea- 

 thers in front ; tarsus shorter than the middle toe, the an- 

 terior toes divided to their origin ; wings short, the fourth 

 quill the longest ; tail slightly rounded or square. 



Most of the species belonging to this genus reside in the cold and temperate cli- 

 mates of the globe, subsist on hard grains and seeds, and undergo a double moulting. 



P. enucleator, Tern. Pine Grosbeak. Head, neck, throat, breast, and 

 rump bright crimson-red ; back and scapulars black, the feathers 

 deeply edged with red ; wing-coverts tipped with crimson, form- 

 ing two bars across the wings; quills and tail-feathers edged with 

 pale crimson ; flanks, belly, and vent grayish-white, tinged with 

 crimson ; bill black. 7J inches long. Inhabits Northern Eu- 

 rope, &c. B Selby, Illust. pi. 53*, fig. 1, 2. 



P. rosea, Tern. Throat and face covered with silvery feathers ; head, 

 neck, rump, and lower parts lively crimson ; back and scapulars 

 black, bordered with crimson ; two bands of white rose-colour on 

 the wings, and the abdomen and lower coverts of the same colour ; 

 wings brown ash-coloured; bill brown. 5J inches long. Inhabits 

 Southern Europe Tern. Man. 333. 



P. erythrina, Tern. (Loxia, Pall.) Smaller feathers on the nostrils 

 and bill faint rose-coloured; head, neck, and upper part of the 

 back bright crimson ; base of all the feathers red-brown ; rump, 

 sides of the head, throat, neck, and breast, crimson or rose-colour- 

 ed; belly white; coverts of the wings brown ash-colour; tail 

 forked. 5 \ inches long. Inhabits N. Europe. Tern. Man. 336. 



P. vulgaris, Briss. (Loxia, Lin.) The Bulfinch. Head, throat, 

 wings, and tail velvet black, tinged with violet purple ; nape of 

 the neck and back bluish gray ; cheeks, neck, breast, belly, and 

 flanks red ; rump and vent white ; great wing-coverts tipped and 

 margined with pinkish white, forming a transverse bar across the 

 wing ; bill and legs blackish-brown. 6 inches long. Inhabits 

 Europe. B. &%, Illust. pi. 54, fig. 1, 2. 



P. longicauda, Tern. A circle of red feathers around the bill ; fea- 

 thers on the top of the head, throat, and fore part of the neck 

 acuminated and rose-coloured ; breast and belly crimson-red ; 



