TETKAO. BIRDS. 277 



spots ; base of the secondary feathers white ; tail slightly forked ; 

 bill black ; asperities of the toe very long 2 feet 3 inches long. 

 Inhabits Northern Europe. Tern. Man. 459. 



T. tetrix, Lin. Black Grous, Black Cock. No long feathers under 

 the throat ; the general plumage black, with violet reflections ; tail 

 much forked, with the two outer feathers convoluted, and the in- 

 ferior tail-coverts white. 1 foot 10 inches long. Inhabits Eu- 

 rope. B Selby, Illust. pi. 58. 



T. Bonasia, Lin. Hazel Grous. Plumage above varied with red, 

 black, and white spots ; below, the feathers black, reddish in the 

 middle, and bordered with white ; feathers of the head a little 

 elongated ; a black band towards the extremity of the lateral tail- 

 feathers ; lower part of the tarsus and toes naked. 13 inches long. 

 Inhabits France and Germany. Tern. Man. 463. 



T. Scoticus, Lath. Red Grous. Plumage of a red chestnut ; eye- 

 brows dentated, and very elevated, tarsi and toes covered with gray 

 hairs ; sixteen feathers in the tail, the lateral ones blackish, and 

 terminated with chestnut brown ; caruncle above the eyebrows 

 scarlet and lunated. 1 6 inches long. Inhabits Britain, Selby, 

 Illust. pi. 59, fig. 1. 



T. lagopus, Lin. Ptarmigan or White Grous. Plumage varied with 

 cinereous and white ; in summer, quills white, tail-feathers black, 

 with white tips, and the two middle ones entirely white ; a black 

 spot between the bill and eyes in the male ; eighteen feathers in 

 the tail ; legs and toes covered with hairy feathers ; claws crook- 

 ed, subulate, and black. Europe. B Selby, Illust. pi. 59. fig. 2. 

 Ptarmigans haunt the mountainous countries of northern Europe, descending 

 within the range of vegetation to feed on the buds of trees, the young shoots of pines, 

 and heath, mountain berries, rhododendron, &c. They fly heavily, but run swiftly. 



T. saliceti, Tein. (T. albus, Laponicus, Gmel.) Plumage pure 

 white ; lateral feathers of the tail black, terminated with white ; 

 bill thick, short, depressed towards the point, obtuse; claws long, 

 white, slightly bent. 16 inches long. Plumage in summer chest- 

 nut. Inhabits Northern Europe. Tern. Man. 471. 



T. phasianellus, Lin. Long-tailed Grous. Body above brownish, 

 varied with dusky; breast chestnut brown, with white spots; sides 

 of the neck and wing-coverts with rounded white spots ; tail wedge- 

 shaped, the two middle feathers elongated, with ocellated spots. 

 17 inches long. Inhabits Hudson's Bay, Shaw, xi. 284. 



Gen. 13. PTEEOCLES, Tern. Tetrao, Lath. Lin. 

 Bill of medium size, compressed, slender in some species; upper 

 mandible straight, bent towards the point ; nostrils basal, half 

 shut by a membrane ; toes short ; hind toe very small, and 

 jointed high on the tarsus; three fore toes united to the first 

 joint ; fore part of the tarsus feathered, the rest naked ; tail 

 conical, in some species the two middle feathers elongated 

 and filiform ; wings long, acuminated, the first feather longest. 



