GONORHYNCHUS. FISHES. 417 



rays in the anal one. 2 inches long. Inhabits lakes and rivers 

 of Germany. Block, pi. 8, fig. 3. 



L. Aphya, Cuv. Body pale brown above,, and whitish or reddish be- 

 neath ; nine rays in the dorsal and anal fin. 2 or 3 inches long. 

 Inhabits coasts of the Baltic. Block, pi. 97^ fig. 2. 



L. Chalcoides, Cuv. Nineteen rays in the anal and eight in the 

 dorsal fin. 10 to 12 inches long. Inhabits the Caspian sea. 

 Guldenstaedt, Nov. Com. Pelrop. 1772, pi. 16. 



L. cultratus, Cuv. Body bluish silvery, compressed ; abdomen cari- 

 nated ; anal fin with thirty rays, and opposite the dorsal. 18 to 

 24 inches long. Rivers of Northern Europe. Block, pi. 37. 



L. Americanus, Cuv. Lateral line much bent towards the abdomen ; 

 13 rays in the anal fin. American seas. Lacep. v. pi. 15, fig. 3. 



Ij.falcatus, Cuv. Head small, without scales, and compressed ; up- 

 per jaw longest j body silvery, shading to brown above ; dorsal 

 and anal fin sickle-shaped, the last with eight rays. 12 inches 

 long. Inhabits fresh waters in India. Block, pi. 412. 



Gen. 51. GONORHYNCHUS, Gronov. Cyprinus, Gmel. 



Snout projecting ; mouth small, without teeth or cirri ; three 

 rays in the branchial membrane ; body covered with small 

 scales. 



G. Capensis, (C. gonorhynchus, Gmel.) Body cylindrical ; ventral 

 fins opposite the small dorsal one. 9 inches long. Inhabits sea 

 at the Cape of Good Hope. Gronov. Zooph. pi. 10, fig. 2. 



Gen. 52. COBITIS, Lin. 



Body elongated, covered with small scales and slimy ; head 

 small ; mouth terminal, bearded, without teeth, but with lips 

 fitted to act as a sucker; three rays in the branchial membrane ; 

 air-vessel in a bony sheath. 



C. barbatula, Lin. The Common or Bearded Loche. Body shaded 

 and dotted with brown upon a yellowish ground ; mouth with six 

 cirri. 3 to 5 inches long. Inhabits rivulets in Europe. B. Penn. 

 Brit. Zool. iii. pi. 69. 



G.fossilis, Lin. The Great Loche. Body blackish, with longitu- 

 dinal brown and yellow stripes ; six cirri on the upper lip and 

 four on the lower, 10 to 12 inches long. Inhabits lakes and 

 marshes in Germany. Shaw, v. pi. 93. 



This species is very tenacious of life. When its native marshes are dried up or 

 covered with ice, it buries itself in the mud, on which account it was supposed by 

 the older authors to originate in the ground and to be carried to rivers by inunda- 

 tions, and hence its specific name. It has also been remarked, that before stor- 

 my weather this fish comes to the surface and seems restless and uneasy ; and Bloch 

 suggests, that in a vessel with water and mud at the bottom it might serve the pur- 

 pose of a barometer. 



C. tcenia, Lin. The Spiny Loche. Body compressed, orange colour- 

 ed, marked with a series of black spots ; a forked and moveable 

 VOL, i. D d 



