450 FISHES. ACANTHOPTERYGII 



S, croicensis, Bloch. The Red Scarus. Body red, shaded with 

 silvery ; belly white ; dorsal fin with nine spinous rays ; tail 

 rounded ; base of the upper jaw with projecting points. 10 inches 

 long. Inhabits Indian seas Shaw, iv. pi. 57- 



S. Cretensis, Bloch. The Cretan Scarus. Back and head green- 

 ish-brown -, sides greenish-yellow ; belly yellowish ; fins yellow 

 and green at the end ; dorsal fin without spinous rays. 12 inch- 

 es long. Inhabits Indian seas. Block, pi. 220. 



S. viridis, Bloch. The Green Scarus. Body yellowish-green ; 

 scales large, bordered with deeper green ; caudal fin straight, 

 with thirteen green rays. 10 or 12 inches long. Inhabits Ja- 

 panese seas Shaw, iv. pi. 56. 



S. sordidus, Lacep. Sordid Scarus. Body slender, brown ; dorsal 

 fin of a deeper colour ; pectoral fins and tail yellowish ; tail even. 

 Inhabits Arabian seas. Shaw, iv. 400. 



S. trilobatus, Lacep. Trilobate Scarus. Two spinous rays and six- 

 teen soft ones in the dorsal fin ; tail distinctly trilobate. Inha- 

 bits American seas. Shaw, iv. 400. 



S. purpureus, Forsk. Purple Scarus. Body abruptly lanceolate, 

 with three longitudinal purple stripes on each side ; pectoral fins 

 green, marked at the tip by a large lunated, marginal, purple spot ; 

 abdomen and ventral fins blue. Arabian seas. Sharv, iv. 397' 



Gen. 35. LABRAX, Pallas. 



Head small ; lips fleshy ; teeth small, conical, unequal ; body 

 furnished with ciliated scales, and rows of lateral pores ; dor- 

 sal fin composed of slender spines, prolonged on the back. 



This genus was instituted by Pallas for some species found in the sea of Kamt- 

 schatka. 



FAMILY IV. PERCOIDES. 



The Perches, as the Lalroides, have the dorsal and anal fin slightly scaly, and sup- 

 ported before by strong and sharp spines, the spines of the dorsal fin being sometimes 

 capable of being folded back and concealed among the scales of the base. The body 

 of these fishes is scaly, and the scales generally large ; their intestines are large and pro- 

 vided with ccecums ; and they have almost always the swimming-vessel without com- 

 munication with the stomach. This family Cuvier divides into two sections or series. 

 so parallel in their structure, that most of the same characters are repeated in both. 

 The first, which he terms Sparoides, has but one dorsal fin running along the great- 

 er part of the back ; the second, which he terms Persequcs, have two dorsal fins ; 

 or at least the spinous and soft portions are divided to their base. Both series may 

 be divided further, according to the structure of their jaws and teeth. 



SECTION I. Dorsal fin continuous. 



1. Jaws protractile. 



Gen 36. SMARIS, Cuv. Sparus, Lin. 



Body narrow ; jaws extensible into a kind of tube, with one row 



of fine pointed teeth, behind which are rows of smaller ones. 

 S. mcena, Cuv. Body silvery-gray, banded longitudinally with blu- 

 ish ; a black spot on each side. 10 inches long. Inhabits Me- 

 diterranean sea. Shaw, iv. 418. 



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