BOTANY. 463 



ders from the number of the pistils, and given to each a name 

 compounded of two Greek words, expressive of these distinc- 

 tions ; the Greek term gynia, (yuwj, female,) indicating the 

 pistil, and the other portion of the word, such as mono, di, tri, 

 &c. (/Aovog, one 6uo, rosic, &c.) the number of these in the 

 flowers. These orders are, Monogynia, Digynia, Trigynia, 

 Tetragynia, Pentagynia, Hexagynia, Heptagynia, Octogy- 

 nia 9 Enneagynia, Decagynia, Dodecagynia, and Polygy- 

 nia. 



In the 14th class are two orders. 1. Gymnospermia ; the 

 seeds naked, and usually four, never more. 2. Angiospermia ; 

 the seeds inclosed in a pericarp. 



In the 15th class there are two orders. 1. Siliculosa, the 

 shape of the fruit being that of a Silicula or pouch. 2. Sili- 

 quosa, the fruit forming a long pod or Siliqua. 



In the 16th, 17th, and 18th classes, the orders are named 

 from the number of stamens, and have the same names as the 

 first thirteen classes. 



In the 19th class the orders are five : 



1. Polygamia ccqualis ; all the florets perfect, having stamens and a pistil. 



2. Polygamia superflua ; florets of the disk perfect, those of the circumference with 



a pistil only. 



3. Polygamia frustranea ; florets of the disk perfect, those of the circumference with 



an abortive pistil, or none at all. 



4. Polygamia necessaria ; florets of the disk with stamens, those of the circumfe- 



rence with a pistil. 



5. Polygamia segregata ; several flowers, either simple or compound, but with united 



anthers and a proper calyx, all included in one common calyx. 



In the 20th class the orders are named according to the 

 number of stamens, Monandria, &c. So also are those of the 

 21st and 22d classes, except where there is a union of the fila- 

 ments ; the orders are then named Monadelphia, &c. 



In the 23d class there are three orders : 



1. Moncecia ; two or all the flowers characteristic of the Class found on the same 



plant. 



2. Dioecia ; two or all the flowers divided, and found on two separate plants. 



3. TrioEcia ; the three flowers on three separate plants. 



The Linnaean orders of the 24th class are, 



1. Filices. 2. Musci. 3. Algce. 4. Fungi. Two others 

 have been added by modern botanists, viz. Hepaticce and Li- 

 chenes. These orders form Natural Families^ and have been 



