434 



HEALTH AND DISEASE 



Railroads are often responsible for carrying typhoid and spread- 

 ing it. It is said that a recent outbreak of typhoid in Scranton, 

 Pa., was due to the fact that the excreta from a typhoid patient 

 traveling in a sleeping car was washed by rain into a reservoir near 

 which the train was passing. Railroads are thus seen to be great 

 open sewers. Some more sanitary kind of toilet should be used 

 so that filth and disease will not be scattered over the country. 



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A diagram to show how typhoid may be spread in a city through an infected milk 

 supply. The black spots in the blocks mean cases of typhoid. A, a farm where 

 typhoid exists ; the dashes in the streets represent the milk route. B is a second 

 farm which sends part of its milk to A ; the milk cans from B are washed at 

 farm A and sent back to B. A few cases of typhoid appear along B's milk 

 route. How do you account for that ? 



How the Board of Health fights Typhoid. Pure water is the 

 first essential in preventing epidemics of typhoid. Health board 

 officials are constantly testing the supply, and, if any harmful 

 bacteria are found, a warning is sent out to boil the water. Boil- 

 ing water at least 10 minutes kills most harmful germs. 



