INDEX 



(Illustrations are indicated by page numerals in bold-faced type.) 



Accommodation of eye, 410. 

 Acts, automatic, 404. 

 Adaptation, 28, 41, 221. 

 Adaptations, for pollination, 44, 46 ; 



for seed dispersal, 63, 54, 65, 66, 

 80; 



in birds, 297, 299, 301 ; 



in frogs, 285 ; 



in mammalia, 312 ; 



in snakes, 295 ; 



in turtles, 293 ; 



in vertebral column, 326 ; 



to environment, 144, 249. 

 Adenoids, effects of, 389. 

 Aggressive resemblance, 250, 251. 

 Air, amount of, in breathing, 384, 

 385: 



changed in lungs, 385 ; 



composition of, 17 ; 



factor in germination, 76 ; 



fresh, how to get, 419 ; 



necessity of, 405. 

 Alcohol, and ability to do work, 413 ; 



and disease, 412, 422 ; 



and longevity, 424 ; 



a poison, 345 ; 



as a food, 344, 346 ; 



effect on blood, 379 ; 



effect on bodily heat, 395 ; 



effect on circulation, 379 ; 



effect on digestion, 364 ; 



effect on excretion, 397 ; 



effect on intellectual ability, 413 ; 



effect on leucocytes, 423 ; 



effect on respiration, 395 ; 



in patent medicines, 350 ; 



in treatment of disease, 422 ; 



paralyzes nervous system, 411. 



Alcoholic poisoning, economic, moral, 



and social effects of, 416 ; 



Algae, 145. 



Alimentary canal, 362. 

 Alligator, 296. 



Alternation of generations, in coelen- 

 terates, 208 ; 



in fern, 155 ; 



in mosses, 153 ; 



in spermatophytes, 156. 

 Alveoli, 383. 

 Amoeba, parts of, 193 ; 



reproduction of, 193. 

 Amphibia, 285 ; 



characteristics of, 292 ; 



classification of, 292. 

 Angiosperms, 157. 

 Animals, cold-blooded, 369 ; 



domestication, 316 ; 



relation of, to man, 14. 

 Annulata, classification of, 220. 

 Antennae, 223, 244. 

 Antennules, 223. 

 Antheridia, 153, 156. 

 Antherozoid, defined, 154, 166. 

 Ants, 255 ; 



and their "cows," 256; 



artificial nest for, 256. 

 Aphids and ants, 266. 

 Appendages of skeleton, 327. 

 Arachnida, 245, 247. 

 Archegonium, 153, 155. 

 Arteries, structure of, 374. 

 Arthropoda, classified, 247. 

 Asexual reproduction, amoeba, 193 



in ccelenterates, 208, 209 ; 



in fern, 155 ; 



in hydra, 203 ; 



in mold, 150 ; 



in moss, 152 ; 



in paramoecium, 192 ; 



in Spirogyra, 148. 



437 



