DISTANCE CEPTORS EMOTIONS 155 



anxiety, anticipation, disappointment, grief, despair, 

 envy, jealousy may all be regarded as lesser or chronic 

 forms of these major activations. Grief is defeat, 

 the epitome of desperate but unsuccessful struggle. 

 Envy is a chronic form of rage, adding each day a little 

 to the burden of waste matter, which is doubtless suf- 

 ficient to account for the "bilious" aspect which is 

 ascribed to the envious. In like manner the more 

 abstract concepts involved in the intellectual processes 

 of logic, invention, mathematics and artistic fancy may 

 be explained as representations of the primary activities 

 involved in the creation of the arts and the sciences. 

 Addition was once the placing of one stone upon 

 another. 



Summary and Conclusion 



In this and the foregoing chapters, we have treated 

 the reactions of the organism from the usual biologic 

 viewpoint only as manifestations of the adaptation of 

 the organism to its external and its internal environ- 

 ments. We have attempted to show that the reactions 

 of the organism are specific to the exciting stimuli 

 and appear in an order of sequence, which may be com- 

 pared to the response of an electric motor driven by 

 a battery. Pressing the button is the adequate stimu- 

 lus which travels to the motor causing the transforma- 

 tion of stored energy into heat and motion. If the 

 motor and battery are driven long enough, exhaustion 

 and physical changes are produced. 



It is necessary to realize that every reaction, by 

 which life is manifested in the organism and adapta-^. 

 tion to environment secured is the result of the trans- 



L, 



