IO2 



PALM^E 



15 mm. in diameter; externally blackish-brown, shrivelled, somewhat 

 oily; epicarp thin, sarocarp about i mm. thick, greenish-yellow, soft, 

 spongy, endocarp thin, friable; seed hard, chocolate-brown; odor 

 aromatic; taste sweetish, acrid and oily. Tonic, diuretic, expect- 

 orant, and sedative, used in neuralgic affections to allay irritation 

 of mucous membranes, and in pulmonary affections. Dose of fl'ext.: 

 Y% to 2 fl. dr. 



OFFICIAL PREPARATION. Fluidextractum. Dose: i mil (15 njj). 

 Powder. Microscopical elements of: See Part iv, Chap. I, B. 



PIG. 26. Sabal. Fruit. (Photograph.) 



48. CARNAUBA. The root of Coper'nica cerif'era Martius, used in Brazil,- 

 where the plant grows, as an alterative like sarsaparilla, stillingia, etc. Dose: 

 15 to 60 gr. (i to 4 Gm.). 



49. DRACONIS RESINA. DRAGON'S BLOOD. A spontaneous resinous exuda- 

 tion from the ripening fruit of Cal'amus dra'co Willdenow. Habitat: East 

 Indies, Siam, and the Molucca Islands. A dark brownish-red, internally 

 brighter red resin, coming into market in various forms, small granules, oval 

 pieces in bead-like strings, sticks, and the poorer varieties in cakes and disks; 

 breaks with a dull, irregular fracture; tasteless and almost odorless, but when 

 heated emits a benzoin-like odor, due to the benzoic acid which it contains. 

 The red resin, constituting 90 per cent., has been termed draconin. The use 

 of dragon's blood is almost entirely confined to the manufacture of paints and 

 varnishes. 



50. OLEUM PALM.fl5. PALM OIL. A fixed oil expressed from the fruit of 

 Elae'is Guineen'sis Jacquin, a West African palm cultivated in tropical 

 America. A solid fat, harder than butter, of an orange-red color, bleaching 

 upon exposure to light or heat. When fresh, it has a violet-like odor and a 

 bland taste, but it rapidly becomes rancid and of an acrid taste. It is used 

 principally in the manufacture of soaps and candles, occasionally in ointments. 



51. OLEUM COCOIS. COCOANUT OIL. A fixed oil expressed from the seeds of 

 the tropical palm, Co'cos nucif' era Linne". A white solid, of the consistence of 

 butter, and with a disagreeable odor. It is mostly used in soaps. 



AROIDE^;. Arum Family 



Herbs with an exceedingly acrid, colorless juice, and having a fleshy corm 

 or rhizome. Inflorescence a spadix usually surrounded by a spathe. Fruit a 

 berry. 



