i 3 6 



OFFICIAL PREPARATION. 



PIPERACE^E 



90. 



Oleoresina Piperis, .................... Dose: y to 2 nj; (0.016 to 0.13 mil). 



Commercial oil of pepper is an oleoresin from which the piperine 

 has crystallized out. 



PIPER ALBUM. WHITE PEPPER. The ripe fruit from which the epidermis 

 has been removed by macerating in water and rubbing off. It is usually 

 somewhat larger than black pepper and has a smooth surface with about ten 

 distinct lines running from base to apex; the seed fills the whole inner cavity. 

 It contains the same principles as black pepper; is seldom used except as a 

 condiment. 



91. 



FIG. 56. Piper nigrum Branch and fruit. 



PIPER' LONGUM. LONG PEPPER. The fruit of Pi'per lon'gum Linn<, and 

 of Pi'per officina'rum De Candolle. Habitat: Southeastern Asia. It con- 

 sists of cylindrical spikes of the fruits, 25 mm. (i in.) or more in length; 

 in the-'market they are of an earthy, grayish-white appearance, but exhibit 

 their deep reddish-brown color when washed. The individual berries are 

 ovoid, about 2.5 mm. (3^ m -) long, with a nipple-like point at the apex and 

 a bract'at the base; they are arranged spirally on the axis. Medical properties 

 same as those of black pepper, but they are inferior and seldom used. 





