AURANTII DULCIS CORTEX 267 



and considered as a valuable remedy in dysentery and diarrhoea, relieving 

 without causing constipation. Dose: I to 2 dr. (4 to 8 Gm.). It is collected 

 when half ripe and -dried; usually enters commerce in segments having a 

 smooth, grayish rind, and a hard, reddish, gummy pulp; whitish internally 

 and divided into cells, each of which contains four or five woolly seeds; taste 

 mucilaginous, slightly bitter; nearly inodorous. 



AURANTIRE;. SUB-ORDER OF RUTACE^;. The Orange Family 



The trees and shrubs which compose this sub- order of Rutaceae are distin- 

 guished from others of the order merely by the character of the fruit. In the 

 Aurantieae the fruit is an indehiscent, juicy, berry-like fruit, botanically known 

 as hesperidium (lemon, orange, and lime), having a leathery rind, containing 

 numerous oil-glands. The capsular fruit of the rueworts proper is usually dehis- 

 cent. The leaves and fruit of both sub-orders abound in minute receptacles of 

 volatile oil. These attain their maximum development in the rind of the orange, 

 lemon, etc. (see Pigs. 150, 151, 152). 



" The Official and Unofficial Products of the A urantiea 



I. The Products of the Orange. II. The Products of the Lemon. 



A. Official. A. Official. 



The Peel, 278. The Juice, 282. 



The Oil, 279. The Rind, 283. 



Oleum Aurantii Florum, 281 a. The Oil, 284. 



B. Unofficial. Oil of Bergamot, 285. 

 The Leaf, 280. B. Unofficial. 



The Flower, 281. White Zapote, 286. 



THE ORANGE PRODUCTS 



SOURCE. Universally cultivated in India and widely in tropical regions. 

 The sweet orange was introduced from China by the Portuguese. It 

 has been much improved by cultivation. There are now some fifty 

 varieties in different parts of the globe, these taking the name of the 

 places where cultivated, the sweetest coming from Havana, Florida v 

 and California. Bitter oranges were introduced into Europe from 

 India by the Arabians and were used medicinally from very early 

 times, the bitter fruit being usually termed the Seville or Bigarade 

 orange. 



278. AURANTII AMARI CORTEX. THE RIND. BITTER ORANGE PEEL, 

 the dried rind of the unripe fruit of Citrus vulgaris Risso. Ash, not 

 to exceed 7 per cent. 



AURANTII DULCIS CORTEX. SWEET ORANGE PEEL, the undried 

 outer rind of the ripe fruit of Citrus Aurantium Linne. The orange 

 tree is cultivated in the south of Europe, in the Azores, and in the 

 United States Southern States and California. It is said to be one 

 of great longevity; thus, a tree in Versailles, known as the "Grand 

 Bourbon," planted in 1421, is still in existence (Mueller). 



