ALTHAEA 301 



339. AMPELOPSIS QUINQUEFOLIA Michaux. AMERICAN IVY. WOODBINE. 



(Root-bark.) Alterative, tonic, astringent, and expectorant. Dose of fluid- 

 extract: 30 to 60 nn (2 to 4 mils). 



THIACE^. Linden Family 



Mostly tropical trees, some of the species of the genus Tilia, yielding tena- 

 cious fibers for cordage. Flowers balsamic, furnishing infusions which are anti- 

 spasmodic and diaphoretic. 



340. TILIA AMERICANA Linne. LINDEN FLOWERS. BASSWOOD LIME TREE. 

 Habitat: North America. Flowers yellowish; petals notched at base; odor 

 pleasant; taste sweet and mucilaginous. Stimulant, diaphoretic, and lenitive. 

 Dose: 15 to 30 gr. (i to 2 Gm.). The bark is used as a demulcent, emollient 

 and vulnerary. 



MALVACE^:. Mallow Family 



Mucilaginous, innocent plants, with tough bark and palmately-veined leaves; 

 stamens monadelphous, in a column, and united with 

 the short claws of the petals; pistils several, the /~\_>V 



ovaries united in a ring, or forming a several- 

 celled pod. 



Synopsis of Drugs from the Malvacea 



A. Root. B. Flowers. 



ALTH^A, 341. Althaea Rosea, 342. 



Malva, 343! 



344. DERIVATIVES OF THE COTTON PLANT. FIG. 173. Vertical section of 



Mallow flower. 

 * Bark, 344 a. Filamentous Hairs, 344 b. Oil, 344 c. 



341. ALTILEA. ALTH^A 

 MARSHMALLOW 



The dried root of Althae'a officina'lis Linne, deprived of the brown corky layer and 



small roots. 



BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS. Stem 2 to 4 feet high. Leaves ovate, or slightly 

 heart-shaped, toothed, downy. Flowers pale rose color. 



HABITAT. Europe, Asia, United States, and Australia. 



DESCRIPTION or DRUG. Whitish, cylindrical, or conical pieces deprived 

 of the outer corky layer, from 75 to 150 mm. (3 to 6 in.) long, and 

 about 10 mm. (% in.) or more in diameter; longitudinally wrinkled, 

 and marked with numerous brownish scars; somewhat hairy ex- 

 ternally from loosened bast fibers ; it breaks with a short mealy 

 fracture, with projecting fiber-ends near the outer edge; odor faint, but 

 characteristic, stronger in infusion; taste sweetish and mucilaginous. 

 A cross-section shows small wood-bundles of scalariform and pitted 

 vessels scattered throughout the prevailing parenchymatous tissue, but 



