426 COMPOSITE 



CONSTITUENTS. Four per cent, of arnicin, and 0.04 to 0.07 per cent, of 

 butyraceous volatile oil. A bitter alkaloid arnicine with crystalliz- 

 able salts was reported, but has not since been confirmed. Ash, not 

 more than 9 per cent. 



ACTION AND USES. 'Same as the root. Dose: 15 to 30 gr. (i to 2 Gm.). 

 The tincture is used externally as a vulnerary. 



OFFICIAL PREPARATION. 



Tinctura Arnicas (20 per cent.), Dose: 10 to 30 trj) (0.6 to 2 mils). 



566. CNICUS ARVENSIS Hoffmann. CANADA THISTLE. An indigenous plant, 

 the rhizome of which is popularly used for its astringent properties. 



567. ERECHTHITES HIERACIFOLIA Rafinesque. FIREWEED. Habitat: 

 United States. (Leaves.) The name (fireweed) comes from the fact that 

 the plant springs up spontaneously in burned districts. Tonic and astrin- 

 gent in dysentery, etc. Dose: 30 to 60 gr. (2 to 4 Gm.). The volatile oil 

 of this plant has been used to adulterate the oil of erigeron. 



568. TRILISA ODORATISSIMA Cassini. DEER TONGUE. VANILLA LEAF. 

 This plant contains coumarin, and the leaves are used in the Southern States 

 to flavor tobacco. Aromatic, stimulant, and tonic; used as a corrective. 

 Dose 30 to 60 gr. (2 to 4 Gm.). 



569. PTEROCAULON PYCNOSTACHYON Elliott. BLACK ROOT. Leaves 

 used by the Indians as an alterative. Dose: 15 to 30 gr. (l to 2 Gm.). 



570. GUACO. By this name are known the leaves and roots of various herbs 

 belonging to the genus Mikania, growing in Central and South America, 

 where they are used as a febrifuge, anthelmintic, alterative, and alexiphar- 

 mic. They at one time gained considerable attention in Europe in the 

 treatment of epidemic cholera and chronic diarrhea. Dose: 15 to 30 gr. (l 

 to 2 Gm.). 



571. AMBROSIA ARTEMISLEFOLIA Linn6. RAGWEED. The leaves of this 

 common weed have been used in domestic practice as an astringent, styptic, 

 and hemostatic. 



571 a. AMBROSIA. RAGWEED. The staminate flowers of Ambrosia arte- 

 misiaefolia Linne, North America. Staminate flowers very small, yellowish; 

 surrounded by the cup-like, green involucre. Preparation: Fluidextract. 

 Properties: Tonic and astringent. Uses: In treatment of inflammation 

 from wounds and injuries; in hemorrhoidal tumors and ulcers; internally for 

 hay-fever. See Pollen Extract, under Serotherapy. Also in the treatment of 

 dysmenorrhea. 



572. STRUMARITJM. CLOTBUR. COCKLEBUR. The leaves of Xan'thium stru- 

 ma'rium Linne. Hemostatic and styptic. 



573. SPINOSUM. SPINY CLOTBUR. The herb of Xan'thium spino'sum Linne'. 

 Diaphoretic, sialogogue, and diuretic. It is asserted that it has been used 

 with success in warding off hydrophobia. Dose of fluidextract : 1 5 to 30 tij 

 (l to 2 mils). 



574. EUPATORIUM, N. F. EUPATORIUM 



BONESET. THOROUGHWORT 

 The dry leaves and flowering tops of Eupato'rium perfolia'tum Linne 1 . 



DESCRIPTION OF DRUG. As it appears in the market, the drug consists of broken, 

 wrinkled fragments of the dark green leaves and corymbs of the numerous 

 white florets. The leaves have a rough upper surface, and downy, resin- 

 dotted lower surface. Odor faintly aromatic; taste strongly bitter and slightly 

 astringent. 



