528 POWDERED DRUGS 



n long); tracheae scalariform or reticulate and usually associated with narrow 

 sclerenchyma fibers; fragments of reddish-brown cork. 



541. VIBURNUM PRUNIFOLIUM 



Powder. Dark brown; stone cells, numerous, large and thick-walled: bast 

 fibers few, with occasional crystal fibers; calcium oxalate in prisms or rosettes 

 (15 to 35 M in diam.). 



270. XANTHOXYLUM 



Powder. Grayish -brown; cork cells nearly colorless and lignified; parenchyma 

 containing small starch grains, oil globules or calcium oxalate; stone cells in small 

 groups; few bast fibers. 



78. ZINGIBER 



Powder. Light yellow to brown; parenchyma cells large and thin-walled filled 

 with starch; starch grains ovate to elliptical (15 to 60 ju long); sclerenchyma fibers 

 long and thin- walled; tracheae reticulate or scalariform; yellowish or brown oil and 

 resin cells; brownish flattened cork cells, which are absent in Jamaica Ginger. (See 

 Fig. 298.) 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



Analysis of Drugs and Medicines, by Burt E. Nelson. 



Anatomischer Atlas der Pharmakognosie und Nahrungsmittlekunde, by 

 Tschirch und Oesterle. 



Anatomical Atlas of Vegetable Powders, by Greenish and Collin. 



Applied and Scientific Pharmacognosy, by Henry Kraemer. 



Die Wichtigsten Vegetabilischen Nahrungs und Genussmittel, by A. E. Vogl. 



Einfuhrung in der Mikroskopische Analyse der Drogen pulver, by Ludwig Koch. 



Elements of Applied Microscopy, by C. A. Winslow. 



Food and Drugs, by Henry George Greenish. 



Introduction to Pharmacognosy, by Smith Ely Jelliffe. 



Lehrbuch der Pharmakognosie, by Karsten and Oltmans. 



Microscopy of Vegetable Foods, by A. L. Winton. 



Mikroskopische Analyse der Drogen pulver, by Ludwig Koch. 



Powdered Vegetable Drugs, by Albert Schneider. 



The Principal Starches used as Food, by W. Griffiths. 



