SCALENUS POSTICUS LONGUS COLLI. 



197 



Fig. 113.f 



vvirh the phrenic nerve, and with the subclavian vein, by which it is se- 

 parated from the subclavius muscle and clavicle. By its posterior surface 

 with the nerves which go to form the brachial plexus, and below with the 

 subclavian artery. By its inner side it is separated from the longus colli 

 by the vertebral artery. Its relations with the subclavian artery and vein 

 are very important, the vein being before and the artery behind the 

 muscle.*" 



The SCALENUS POSTICUS arises from the 

 posterior tubercles of all the cervical ver- 

 tebrae excepting the first. It is inserted by 

 two fleshy fasciculi into the first and second 

 ribs. The anterior (scalenus medius) of the 

 two fasciculi is large, and occupies all the 

 surface of the first rib between the groove 

 for the subclavian artery and the tuberosity. 

 The posterior (scalenus posticus) is small, 

 and is attached to the second rib. Albinus 

 and Soemmering make five scaleni. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with 

 the brachial plexus and subclavian artery ; 

 posteriorly with the levator anguli scapulae, 

 cervicalis ascendens, transversalis colli, and 

 sacro-lumbalis ; internally w r ith the first in- 

 tercostal muscle, the first rib, the inter- 

 transverse muscles, and cervical vertebrae ; 

 and externally with the sterno-mastoid, omo- 

 hyoid, supra-scapular and posterior scapu- 

 lar arteries. 



The LONGUS COLLI is a long and flat muscle, consisting of two portions. 

 The upper arises from the anterior tubercle of the atlas, and is inserted 

 into the transverse processes of the third, fourth, and fifth cervical verte- 

 brae. The lower portion arises from the bodies of the second and third, 

 and transverse processes of the fourth and fifth, and passes down the neck, 

 to be inserted into the bodies of the three lower cervical and three upper 

 dorsal vertebrae, 

 form : 



We should thus arrange these attachments in a tabular 



Upper 

 portion. 



Lower 

 portion. 



Origin. 

 Atlas ' " " 



2d and 3d bodies 



4th and 5th trans- 



verse processes. 



Insertion. 



^d, 4th, and 5th transverse processes. 

 3 lower cervical vertebrae, bodies. 



3 upper dorsal, bodies. 



In general terms, the muscle is attached to the bodies and transverse 



* In a subject dissected in the school of the Middlesex hospital during the winter of 

 1841 by Mr. Joseph Rogers, the subclavian artery of the left side was placed with the 

 vein in front of the scalenus ariticus muscle. 



j- The prrevertebral group of muscles of the neck. 1. The rectus anticus major rrir.s- 

 cle. 2. The scalenus anticus. 3. The lower part of the longus colli of the right side." 

 it is concealed superiorly by the rectus anticus major. 4. The rectus anticus minor 5. 

 The upper portion of the longus colli muscle. 0. Its lower portion; the figure r c?ts 

 upon the seventh cervical vertebra. 7. The scalenus posticus. 8. The rectus latemlis of 

 the left side. 9. One of the intertransversales muscles. 



17* 



