354 LYMPHATICS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 



buccal, upon the buccinator muscle ; and submaxillary, beneath the mar- 

 gin of the lower jaw. There are no deep lymphatic glands within the 

 cranium. 



The Superficial cervical lymphatic glands are few in number and small ; 

 they are situated in the course of the external jugular vein, between the 

 sterno-mastoid and trapezius muscles, at the root of the neck, and about 

 the larynx. 



The Deep cervical glands (glandulse concatenate) are numerous and of 

 large size ; they are situated around the internal jugular vein and sheath 

 of the carotid arteries, by the side of the pharynx, oesophagus, and trachea, 

 and extend from the base of the skull to the root of the neck, where they 

 are in communication with the lymphatic vessels and glands of the thorax. 



The Superficial lymphatic vessels of the head and face are disposed in 

 three groups ; occipital, which take the course of the occipital vein to the 

 occipital and deep cervical glands ; temporal, which follow the branches 

 of the temporal vein to the parotid and deep cervical glands ; and facial, 

 which accompany the facial vein to the submaxillary lymphatic glands. 



The Deep lymphatic vessels of the head are the meningeal and cerebral , 

 the former are situated in connexion with the meningeal veins, and escape 

 through foramina at the base of the skull, to join the deep cervical glands. 

 The cerebral lymphatics, according to Fohmann, are situated on the sur- 

 face of the pia mater, none having as yet been discovered in the substance 

 of the brain. They pass most probably through the foramina at the base 

 of the skull, to terminate in the deep cervical glands. 



The Deep lymphatic vessels of the face proceed from the nasal fossse, 

 mouth, and pharynx, and terminate in the submaxillary and deep cervical 

 glands. 



The Superficial and deep cervical lymphatic vessels accompany the 

 jugular veins, passing from gland to gland, and at the root of the neck 

 communicate with the thoracic lymphatic vessels, and terminate, on the 

 right side, in the ductus lymphaticus dexter, and, on the left, in the tho- 

 racic duct, near its termination. 



LYMPHATICS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 



The uperficial lymphatic glands of the arm are not more than four or 

 five in number, and of very small size. One or two are situated near the 

 median basilic and cephalic veins, at the bend of the elbow ; and one or 

 two near the basilic vein, on the inner side of the upper arm, immediately 

 above the elbow. 



The Deep glands in the fore-arm are excessively small and infrequent ; 

 two or three may generally be found in the course of the radial and ulnar 

 vessels. In the upper arm there is a chain of small glands, accompanying 

 the brachial artery. 



The JJxillary glands are numerous and of large size. Some are closely 

 adherent to the vessels, others are dispersed in the loose areolar tissue of 

 the axilla, and a small chain may be observed extending along the lower 

 border of the pectoralis major to the mammary gland. Two or three sub- 

 clavian glands are situated beneath the clavicle, and serve as the medium 

 of communication between the axillary and deep cervical lymphatic glands. 



The Superficial lymphatic vessels of the upper extremity commence upon 

 Ihe lingers and take their course along the fore-arm to the bend of the 



