MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



159 



EXPLORATIONS NEAR 



The expedition left the Salt River Valley in June, 1888, and arrived at Zufii in the following 

 month. The work was continued in the vicinity of this place under the direction of Mr. Gushing 

 until October 20, 1888, when he left for the East. His physical condition was such that he was 

 not able to return ; but the work of excavation was continued in his absence until July, 1889, at 

 which time the expedition was disbanded. 



The location of the Seven Cities of Cibola, visited by Coronado in 1541, was long a ques- 

 tion for scientific discussion, and many arguments were advanced in favor of different places; 

 but the ethnologic researches of Mr. Cushing and the historical investigations of Prof. Ad. F. 

 Bandelier have settled the question beyond a reasonable doubt. The Seven Cities were situated 

 in the valley of the Zufii River in the neighborhood of the present pueblo of Znfii, in Valencia 

 County, N. Mex. The accompanying map (Fig. 22) shows very approximately the location of each. 

 It was prepared with the assistance of Mr. F. Webb Hodge, of Washington, formerly secretary of 

 the expedition. 



Via. 21. Rock inscription, turkeys, supposed bola-thrower, etc. 



We give below a list of the names of the cities in the modern Zufii language, as noted by Mr. 

 Cushing, and in the old Zufii or Cibola language, as noted by Coronado and other Spanish travel- 

 ers and writers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. If we make due allowance for the 

 difference between a carefully devised modern orthography and a haphazard spelling of three 

 hundred years ago we need not suppose that the language of Cibola has changed materially during 

 the intervening time. 



NAMES OF TIIK SEVEN CITIES OF CIBOLA. 



Modern. Sixteenth and icrenlcciilli centuries. 



1. Hawiku Aha<;iis, Avion, Aquico, Jahuicu, Havico. 



2. Kyanawe, Hampasawan ^Canabe. 



3. Kfetchupawe, Kwakina 



4. Apina, Pinawan Aquinsn. 



5. Il;il(ina, Halonawan Alona. 



6. Matsaki Mu/!ii|iii, Mav!i<|ii<', M:ir;u|tii:i. 



7. Kyakiina Caqniiia, Kyakima. 



It was the original intention to explore all the ruins of the Seven Cities; but the illness of the 

 director and the consequent recall of the expedition prevented the fulfillment of this plan. Only 

 one of the ruins of the seven cities was explored to any extent, namely, the ruin of Halona. This 

 town occupied in part at least the site of the present pueblo of Zufii. The excavations were made 



