160 



MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



upon the opposite bank, from Zuiii, of that meager and inconstant desert streamlet known as the 

 Zufii River and in the neighborhood of houses occupied by the present ultra-urban population of 

 the Zuiii tribe. 



Explorations were conducted iu other ruins in the neighborhood. Some slight digging was 

 done in those 011 the top of Inscription Rock; but the most work was accomplished at Ileshota- 

 uthla, a ruin on the road to Wingate, some 12 miles in a northwesterly direction from Zufii. 

 Heshota-iithla was in its day a compactly built, many-storied stronghold of stone containing a 



109' 



^T"/LSrq 



PART OF NEW MEXICO, 



showing location of modern 



RUINS OF THE SEVEN" CITIES or CIBOLA 



g OTHER RUINS 



Flo. 22. Zuiii towns, ruins of C'ibola uuu other ruins. 



population of probably more than a thousand people. It was not one of the Seven Cities; but, 

 according to the traditions (corroborated by archaeological investigation) of the Zufii Indians, it 

 was occupied by their people in a remote antiquity. From this ruin was derived the greater part 

 of the "Cibola" skeletons described in the second part of the following report. 



In preparing this introduction, the writer has had access to some of Mr. Cushing's notes, 

 especially to the original manuscript of a paper contributed to the Berlin meeting of the Congress 

 of Americanists in October, 1888, and he has consulted a pamphlet entitled " The old New World," 

 an account of the explorations of the Heinenway Southwestern Arclwological Expedition in 



