IV 



DIGESTION IN THE INTESTINE 



247 



These elegant experiments have been controlled and confirmed 

 by other workers, particularly by Wolff (1901-2) and Carvallo 

 (1907). The latter, at the Marey Institut in Paris, made some 

 interesting kinematographs of the progress of the food, from the 

 stomach through the intestines, in the frog. 



FIG. 83. Schema to show distribution of sympathetic and vagus in gastro-intestinal tube and 

 adjoining glands, in man ; i applicable to a large extent to the dog r on which the experi- 

 ments on the innervation of the intestine were carried out. (Luciani.) S, stomach; D, 

 duodenum; J, jejunum; T, ilium ; C'r, large intestine; F; liver; M, spleen; P, 'pancreas 1 ; 

 R, kidney ; Cs, suprarenal' capsule. Vs, left vagus, which after traversing the diaphragm- 

 divides into numerous branches that are distributed to the ventral surface, and along the 

 small curvature of the stomach, giving off an important branch to the liver. , Vd, 'right- vagus 

 penetrating the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity, behind the peritoneum, with branches to 

 the posterior surface and great curvature of the stomach, with one or two fibres to the pancreas \ 

 these unite at the solar plexus (Pl.s), and send branches to the intestine which pass through 

 the superior mesenteric plexus (Ms), and follow the course of the sup. mesenteric artery. ' Cs, 

 sympathetic cord, comprising the inferior thoracic tract (D), lumbar (), and sacr.al (S). 

 The dorsal rami of the gangliated cord give origin to the great splanchnic (GS), and -little 

 splanchnic (PS), which contain the greater part of the sympathetic nerve to the intestine, 

 alter traversing the solar plexus (Pl.s), the superior mesenteric plexus (Ms), the inferior (Mi), 

 and the hypogastric plexus (Ip). 



The peristaltic movements, which depend on Auerbach's plexus, 

 and are therefore exhibited in excised loops, are also under normal 

 conditions regulated and controlled by the extrinsic nerves which 

 reach the intestine from the cerebrospinal and sympathetic systems. 

 The afferent nerve paths run principally in the great splanchnics 

 and the vagi. The schema of Fig. 83 is intended to illustrate the 



Bl 



