in THE THEOEY OF HUMAN NUTRITION 111 



eight days, during which his daily allowance was 73*88 grms. of 

 protein, 28*64 of fat, and 698*21 of carbohydrates, with a total 

 energy-value of 3432 calories, reckoned according to Rubner's 

 standard figures. The nitrogenous exchange on each of the eight 

 days averaged as follows : 



< / 



Nitrogen introduced in the food . 

 Nitrogen lost in the faeces . 



11-82 grms. 

 4-01 



Nitrogen absorbed 7*81 



Nitrogen discharged in the urine .... 6'91 



Balance . . . . + 0'90 



In this case the quantity of nitrogen lost in the faeces was 

 very large, 33*93 per cent; this was owing to the food being 

 badly selected and cooked. Nevertheless there was a remarkable 

 accumulation not only of protein, but also of non-nitrogenous 

 substances, fats and carbohydrates, for after the eight days of 

 experiment the weight of the youth had increased by 1700 grms. 

 The diet was therefore more than sufficient as far as protein was 

 concerned, and undoubtedly excessive as regards carbohydrates. 



Albu in 1901 experimented for six days on a medical student 

 a woman aged 42, weighing 37*5 kgrms., who for six years had 

 lived on a very sparse vegetable diet. The articles of food taken 

 by her during the six days' experiment were : brown bread, apples, 

 prunes, grapes, nuts, dates, and salad; the daily quantity of 

 protein being 34*12 grms. ( = 5*46 grms. of nitrogen), fat, 36*44 

 grms., and about 225 grms. of carbohydrates, with a total heat- 

 value of 1400 calories, about 37 calories per kilo, body-weight. 

 Although, owing to the indigestibility of the nuts, 36*79 per 

 cent of the nitrogen was lost in the faeces, not only was nitro- 

 genous equilibrium attained, but there was an average daily 

 retention of 0*37 grm. 



Hauer (1903) investigated the metabolism of a gentleman 

 36 years of age, weighing 64*93 kgrms., who for two years had 

 lived on a diet of raw vegetables during the summer and cooked 

 vegetables during the winter. The researches lasted six days, 

 from the 7th to the 12th of July 1902, during which his food 

 consisted of bread, cherries, strawberries, figs, dates, almonds, nuts, 

 and a kind of butter made of nuts. He was free to choose from 

 the above articles both the quantity and kind of food he desired. 

 The quantity taken varied considerably in the six days of the 

 experiment; it averaged per day 10*95 grms. of nitrogen, 112 of 

 fat, with a total of about 2789 calories, which is equivalent to 

 0*16 grm. of nitrogen, 1*7 of fat, and 42*9 calories per kilo, body- 

 weight. Nitrogenous equilibrium was obtained, although 38 per 

 cent of the nitrogen and 22 per cent of the fat were wasted in the 

 faeces. In 1904 Caspari collaborated with Glaessner in studying 



