in THE THEOEY OF HUMAN NUTEITION 119 



reduced diet, are at present lacking ; but if we consider the 

 average figures of the diet of old people given by Tigerstedt, 

 Sond^u, and Ekholni, we find the intake of protein and the output 

 of nitrogen a great deal higher than those resulting from the 

 experiments carried out upon themselves by Chittenden and 

 Mendel, while the number of calories utilised is lower. From this 

 it will be obvious that, in order to prolong life to its utmost limits, 

 old people require a diet containing less protein and proportionately 

 more fat and carbohydrate than that tried by these authors. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



The most recent and important monographs on the subject dealt with in this 

 chapter are the following : 



VOIT. Physiologic des allgemeinen Stoffwechsels und der Ernahrung. Hermann's 



Handbuch der Physiologic, iv., Leipzig, 1881. 

 RUBNER. Art. Ernahrung in Leyden's Haudbuch der Ernahrungstherapie, 2. Aufl. , 



Leipzig 1903. Die Gesetze des Energieverbrauchs bei der Ernahrung. Leipzig 



und Wien, 1902. 

 GAFTIER. L'Alimentation et les regimes chez les hommes sains et les malades. Paris, 



1904. 



J. KOXIG. Die menschlichen Nahrungs- und Genussmittel, 4. Aufl., Berlin, 1904. 

 W. 0. ATWATER. Neue Versuche iiber Stoff- und Kraftwechsel im menschlichen 



Korper. Ergebnisse der Physiol. , 1904. 

 R. H. CHITTENDEN. Physiological Economy in Nutrition, with special reference to 



the minimal proteid requirements of the healthy man. An Experimental 



Study. London, 1905. 

 CASPARI. Physiologische Studien liber Vegetarismus. Arch. ges. Physiol. cix., 



1905. 

 TIGEKSTEDT. Die Ernahrung des Menschen. Nagel's Handbuch der Physiologic 



des Menschen, i., Brunschweig, 1909. 



Recent English Literature : 



R. H. CHITTENDEN. The Nutrition of Man. London, 1907. 

 G. LUSK. The Elements of the Science of Nutrition. London, 1909. 

 F. G. BENEDICT. The Nutritive Requirements of the Body. Amer. J. Physiol. 

 xvi., 1906, 409. 



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