THE LIVING MACHINE BUILDING FACTORS. 135 



FIG. 45. 



division, repre- 

 senting the first 

 step in machine 

 making. 



duties of life. The cells on the outside were bet- 

 ter situated for protection and capturing food, 

 while those on the inside could not readily seize 

 food for themselves, and took upon 

 themselves the duty of digesting the 

 food which was handed to them by 

 the outer cells. Each of these sets 

 of cells could now carry on its own 

 special duties to better advantage, 

 since it was freed from other duties, 



r 11 A group of cells 



and thus the whole mass of cells resulting from 

 was better served than when each 

 cell tried to do everything for itself. 

 This was the first step in the build- 

 ing of the machine out of the active 

 cells (Fig. -46). From such a starting point the sub- 

 sequent history has been ever based upon the same 

 principle. There has been a con- 

 stant separation of the different 

 functions of life among groups 

 of cells, and as the history went 

 on this division of labor among 

 the different parts became 

 greater and greater. Group 

 after group of cells were set 

 A later step' iTmachine apart for one special duty after 

 building in which another, and the result was a 

 and ever more complicat- 

 mass of cells, with a greater 

 and greater differentiation 

 In this building 

 of the machine there was no 

 time when the machine was not 

 active. At all points the ma- 

 chine was alive and functional, but each step made 

 the total function of the machine a little more 

 10 



FIG. 



form and function 

 from the inner cells : 



whose 6 dudes ^are among them. 



protective ; en, the 

 inner cells engaged 

 in digesting food. 



