68 SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE NECK. 



after seen to be important landmarks to the surgeon in 

 the operative surgery of the neck. Between the angle 

 of the jaw and the mesial line is the protrusion of the 

 submaxillary gland, the difference in the position of 

 which during flexion or extension of the neck, should be 

 carefully noted. Above the clavicle, and between the 

 prominences of the sterno-mastoid and trapezius, is a 

 hollow, the subclavian, or supra-clavicular fossa, at the 

 lower and internal part of which the posterior belly of 

 the omo-hyoid crops up from behind the clavicle. This 

 muscle lies much more hidden by the sterno-cleido-mas- 

 toid and clavicle than usually represented in plates of 

 the posterior triangle. It is seen in action after swal- 

 lowing, during the depression of the hyoid bone, and 

 during deep inspiration. The subclavian artery beats 

 at the bottom of this hollow, and is here readily com- 

 pressed against the first rib (vide Surgical Anatomy of 

 Subclavian Triangle). The lateral contour of the neck 

 is completed, behind, by the sweep of the trapezius from 

 the occiput to the tip of the shoulder. Posteriorly the 

 neck presents a median depression, on either side of 

 which is seen the mass of the extensor muscles of the 

 head, and lower down the spinous processes of the seventh 

 and eighth cervical vertebrae. A collection of lymphatic 

 ganglia is usually very apparent in this region. The 

 external jugular veins are seen on the lateral aspect of 

 the neck, crossing the sterno-mastoid obliquely, from 

 before backwards, at about its middle, and passing into 

 the hollow behind it. The more detailed account of 

 these superficial markings is attached to the description 

 of the several regions of the neck. 



Arrangement of the Cervical Fascia. The attach- 

 ments and connection of the fasciae of the neck are of 



