SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE AXILLA. 



139 



ial and radial, thus complicating the operation of liga- 

 ture. Again, after division, these trunks may reunite 

 by cross branches, and the circulation continue as freely 

 as before, unless a ligature be applied to each. 



1. Median nerve. 2. Axillary artery. 3. Internal cutaneous nerve. 4. Axillary 

 vein. 5. Ulnar nerve. 6. Coraco-brachialis muscle. 7. Deltoid muscle. 



Collateral Circulation after Ligature of the Axillary. 

 Ligature of the axillary artery in the upper part of the 

 first portion of its course, above the giving off of the 

 acromial thoracic, may be regarded as equivalent to 

 ligature of the subclavian in the third part of its course 

 (vide Ligature of Subclavian). If the vessel be tied 

 below this point, the subscapular inosculating with the 

 suprascapular and posterior scapular, and the long tho- 

 racic with the internal, mammary and intercostals, are 

 called upon to restore the circulation. If the ligature 

 be applied below the giving off of the subscapular, 

 the posterior circumflex, anastomosing with the supra- 



