THE FOREARM. 155 



To tie the Radial Artery. The vessel is readily secured 

 throughout its course, and any incisions made through 

 the integument along the margin of the stipinator or its 

 tendon would reach it, but its deligation on the upper 

 third is only required in cases of wound or operation, 

 which, in the former instance, would be enlarged, and 

 the vessel tied above and below the point of injury. The 

 vessel is liable to several irregularities, the most common 

 of which is a high origin from the brachial when it lies 

 often merely subcutaneous and can be seen pulsating 

 throughout its course. 



Relations of the TJlnar Artery in the Forearm. Arising 

 at the bifurcation of the brachial, it runs obliquely down- 

 wards, on the ulnar side of the arm towards the radial 

 side of the pisiform bone, and in its upper third it is 

 covered by the pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, pal- 

 maris longus, and flexor sublimis, and having on its inner 

 side the flexor carpi ulnaris, on its outer the flexor sub- 

 limis, and resting on the brachialis anticus. In the 

 lower two-thirds, it is covered in by the fasciae ; on its 

 inner side are the flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar nerve, 

 on its outer the flexor sublimis, and it rests on the flexor 

 profundus; venae comites accompany it throughout. 

 This vessel occasionally arises high up, when it also lies 

 immediately beneath the integument and fasciae, uncover- 

 ed by muscles. The same remarks, with regard to tying it 

 in the upper third of the arm, may be made as have been 

 in the case of the radial. It is very difficult to secure in 

 its upper third, owing to being so covered in by muscles. 



The nerves of the forearm are cutaneous and deep, the 

 former being branches of the external and internal cutane- 

 ous as far as the wrist, of the lesser internal cutaneous 



