ACTINIARIA. 187 



M.-Ed. and H.; Phymanthus M.-Ed. and H.; Crambactis Haeckel ; Cryptoden- 

 drum Klunzinger ; Actinothrix D. and M. ; Heterodactyla Ehr. 



Fam. 2. Minyadidae. Pedal disc transformed into an apparatus for floating. 

 Tentacles in some as in the Corallimorphidae. Minyas Cuv. ; Dactylommyas 

 And. ; Acerominyas And. ; Phyllominyas And. 



Sub-tribe 2. ACTININAE. Tentacles arranged in cycles, only a single 

 tentacle communicating with each intramesenterial chamber. 



Fam. 3. Antheomorphidae. Tentacles digitate ; pedal disc present ; accessory 

 tentacles absent; gonads on all the mesenteries ; numerous complete mesenteries ; 

 muscular system weak ; without sphincter muscle or acontia. Antheomorphe 

 R. Hertwig, deep-sea form. 



Fam. 4. Actiniidae. Tentacles digitate, in a single corona ; pedal disc 

 present ; acontia absent, sphincter muscle endodermal, weak ; with numerous 

 mesenteries. Actinia Browne ; Anemonia Eisso ; Cotidylactis D. and M. ; 

 Actinioides Hadd. and Shack. ; Bolocera Gosse. 



Fam. 5. Aliciidae. With large flat base. Lateral body-wall with simple 

 or compound hollow processes or vesicles, mostly in vertical rows. No cinclides. 

 Sphincter variable, diffuse, endodermal. Acontia absent. A licia Johnson ; Cysti- 

 actis M.-Edw. ; Thaumactis Fowler ; Bunodeopsis And. ; Phyllactis M.-Ed. and H. 

 Fam. 6. Bunodidae. Tentacles digitate ; pedal disc present ; acontia absent ; 

 sphincter well developed, circumscribed, endodermal ; with numerous perfect 

 mesenteries. Tealia Gosse ; Leiotealia R. Hertwig. ; Bunodes Gosse ; Phymactis 

 M.-Edw. and H.; AulactiniaVei'r.; Anthopleura Duch. ; Evactis Verr. ; Thelactis 

 Klunzinger ; Cereactis Andres. 



Fam. 7. Paractidae. Tentacles digitate ; pedal disc present ; acontia 

 absent ; sphincter strong, mesodermal ; with numerous perfect mesenteries. 

 Paractis M.-Edw.; Dysactis M.-Edw.; Tealidium Hertwig ; Antholoba Hertwig; 

 OpModiscus Hertwig; Paranthus Andres; Paractinia And.; Actinerus Verr.; 

 Actinostola Verr. ; Pycnanthus McM. ; Cymbactis McM. ; Stomphia Gosse. 



Fam. 8. AmpManthidae. Tentacles digitate ; pedal disc present ; acontia 

 absent ; mesodermal sphincter present ; transverse axis of body and mouth 

 elongated, so that the two gonidial grooves almost touch ; principal mesenteries 

 sterile ; secondary mesenteries incomplete. Attached to the axial skeletons of 

 Gorgonidae. Stephanactis Hertw.; Amphianthus Hertw. 



Fam. 9. Sagartidae. With mesodermal sphincter muscle, usually with 

 only a few complete mesenteries, with acontia. 



Sub-fam. 1. Sagartinae. W T ith naked ectoderm, the acontia emitted 

 through the mouth and through cinclides. The mesenteries of the second 

 and subsequent cycles may, in a more irregular manner, reach the oeso- 

 phagus. Sagartia Gosse ; Cereus Oken ; Actinoloba Blainv. ; Adamsia 

 Forbes, sessile upon Gastropod shells containing a Hermit crab; Cylista 

 Gosse ; Mitactis Haddon and Duerden ; Aiptasia Gosse ; Gephyra V. Koch 

 (Morph. Jahrb. 4) solitary or colonial, sessile on zoophytes, to which it 

 is glued by a cuticular matter secreted by the ectoderm, with more than 

 24 tentacles. 



Sub-fam. 2. Chondractininae. With thick body-wall, upper portion 

 different in character from the lower, which is provided with a cuticle. 

 The 12 primary mesenteries alone are complete and without gonads. 

 Acontia emitted by the mouth, cinclides absent. Actinauge Verrill ; 

 Chitonanthus McM. ; Hormathia Gosse ; Ckitonactis Fischer ; Chondradinia 

 Littken ; Paraphellia Haddon. 



