196 COELENTERATA. 



Sub-fam. 6. Astraeidae agglomeratae fissiparantes. Colonies massive 

 or incrusting. Corallites increasing by fissiparity, and sometimes also by 

 gemmation ; united by costae or coenenchynia ; not forming long series. 

 Dichocoenia Ed. and H.; Favia Oken ; Goniastraea Ed. and H. 



Sub-fam. 7. Astraeidae agglomeratae gemmantes. Massive and foliaceous 

 colonies. Colonies increasing by gemmation from the wall from within the 

 calice, or from intercorallite tissue. Corallites joined by costae, exotheca, 

 or peritheca, or fused by their walls. Endotheca vesicular, rarely tabulate. 

 Heliastraect Ed. and H.; Phymastraea Ed. and H.; Solenastraea, Ed. and 

 H. ; Plesiastraca Ed. and H.; Echinopora Dana; Galaxea Oken; Acan- 

 thopora Verrill ; Leptastraea Ed. and H. ; Acanthastraea Ed. and H. ; 

 Astrocoenia Ed. and H. ; Prionastraea Ed. and H. ; Merulina Ehrbg. ; 

 Moseley a Quelch. 



Section 2. Fungida. 



Solitary or colonial forms. Septa and septo-costae with synapticula, which 

 cross the interseptal and intercostal loculi. An endotheca is present or absent. 

 Basal structures perforate or imperforate. Soft structures with short, lobe-like, 

 scattered, sometimes obsolete tentacles, not covered when contracted ; discs not 

 circumscribed, and in colonial forms confluent. 



Fam. 1. Plesiofungidae. Transitional between the Aporosa and Fungida. 

 Simple or colonial, with synapticula in the interseptal loculi, besides endothecal 

 dissepiments. Septa solid and imperforate, occasionally perforate and trabeculate. 

 Epistreptophyllum Milaschewitsch ; Siderastraea Blainv. ; Polyaraect Fritsch. 



Fam. 2. Fungidae. Simple or colonial, usually depressed ; septa solid or 

 porous. With synapticula, without dissepimental endotheca ; tentacles short ; 

 scattered, sometimes absent. Wall perforated and echinulate. Fungia Dana ; 

 Diafungia Duncan, both solitary. The following are colonial : Halomitra Dana ; 

 Sandalolitha Quelch ; Cryptabacia Ed. and H. ; Herpolitha Esch. ; Polyphyllia, 

 Q. and G. ; Lithactinia Lesson ; Zoopilus Dana. 



Fam. 3. Lophoseridae. Wall neither perforated nor echinulated. Simple 

 forms. Trochoseris Ed. and H. ; Cycloseris Ed. and H. ; Diaseris Ed. and H. ; 

 Bathyadis Moseley; Psammoseris Ed. and H. ; Stephanoseris Ed. and H. 

 Colonial forms : Cyathoseris Ed. and H. ; Lophoseris Ed. and H. ; Haloseris 

 Ed. and H. ; Tichoseris Quelch ; Mycedium Oken. ; Phyllastraea Dana ; Trachy- 

 pora Verrill ; Leptoseris Ed. and H. ; Stephanaria Verrill ; Agaricia Lamck. ; 

 Plesioseris Duncan ; Psammocora Dana ; Pachyscris Ed. and H. ; Coscinaraca 

 Ed. and H. 



Fam. 4. Anabaciadae. Simple or colonial, septa trabeculate and fenestrated. 

 Synapticula small. Dissepiments absent. Wall indistinct. Anabacia d'Orb. 



Fam. 5. Plesioporitidae. Transitional group with regularly perforate septa. 

 Menndroseris Rouss. 



Section 3. Perforata. 



Corallum entirely or almost entirely composed of porous or reticulate coenen- 

 chynia. Dissepiments and tabulae may be present or absent. Septa solid or 

 much perforated, or represented by trabeculae only. 



Fam. 1. Eupsammidae. Simple or colonial. Walls with costae and apertures 

 in the intercostal spaces. Calices well developed. Increase by geihmation and 

 fission. Stephanophyllia Michelin. ; Leptopenus Moseley, deep-water, southern 

 hemisphere ; Balanophyllia S. Wood ; Thecopsammia Pourt. ; Eupsammia Ed. 

 and H. ; Heteropsammia Ed. and H.; Dendrophyllia Ed. and H. ; Pachypsammia 



