242 SUB-CLASS (AND. ORDER) TELEOSTEI. 



Pac. ; Helicolenus ; Scorpaena Art., scorpion-fishes, no air-bladder : 

 Pontinus, Glyptauchen, Lioscorpius, Setarches, Pterois, Apistus, Agriopus, 

 Synanceia, the dorsal spines possess poison glands and inflict serious 

 wounds ; Micropus, Chorismodactylus , Taenianotus, Centropogon, Penta- 

 roge, Tetraroge, Prosopodasys, Aploactis, Trichopleura, Hemitripterus, 

 Minous, Pelor. 



Fam. 107. Heterolepidotidae (Hexagrammidae). Small shore fishes 

 of the N. Pac. ; the posterior nostril reduced to a minute pore. Chirus 

 Steller, with several lateral lines ; Ophiodon Gir., eultus cod, an important 

 food fish on the Pacific coast of N. Amer . ; Agrammus, Pleuro- 

 grammus, Hexagrammos, Zaniolepis, Oxylebius, Anoplopoma and Erilepis 

 with normal nostrils. 



Fam. 108. Cottidae. Body oblong or subcylindrical ; teeth villiform 

 in bands ; gills 3 to 4 ; 5th slit small or obsolete ; body naked or vari- 

 ously armed with scales, prickles or bony plates ; two dorsal fins (rarely 

 one), the spinous being less developed than the soft and than the anal ; 

 pseudobranch present ; air-bladder usually absent. Small fishes, mostly 

 of rock pools and shores of northern regions, some found in f.w. ; 

 of no value as food. Coitus Art., bull-heads and miller's thumbs, small 

 fishes from the shores and f.ws. of N. temp, zone ; C. gobio 

 L., common miller's thumb, f.w. ; C. scorpius and C. bubalis, 

 etc., common Eur. marine species ; Cantridermichihys, Icelus, 

 Platycephalus, Hoplichthys, Bembras, Bunocottus, Rhamphocotttis, 

 Triglops, Podabrus, Blepsias, Nautichthys, Scorpaenichthys, Hemilepi- 

 dotus, ArtediuA, Ptyonotus, Polycaulus Jordania, Paricelinus, Alcidea, 

 Chitonotus, Tarandichthys, Icelinus, Astrolytes, Archistes, Axyrias, Arte- 

 diellus, Ruscarius, Rastrinus, Radulinus, Prionistius, Elanura Melletes 

 Enophrys, Uranidea, Myoxocephalus, Megalocottus, Zesticelus, Gymnc- 

 canthus, Nautiscus, Ulca, Psychrolutes. 



Fam. 109. Cyclopteridae (Discoboli). Lump-suckers. Short and 

 thick with a smooth, tubercular or spiny skin ; branchiostegals 6 ; gills 

 3| ; 2 dorsal fins ; pelvics thoracic, small, forming the bony centre of a 

 sucking disc, by which they attach themselves to stones, etc. ; air-bladder 

 absent ; northern seas. Cyclopterus Art., C. lumpus L. lump-sucker, 

 cock-and-hen-paddle, skin with tubercles ; Eumicrotremus, Lethotremus , 

 Liparops ; Liparis Art. ; L. vulgaris Flem., sea-snail ; L. montagui Cuv., 

 diminutive lump-sucker ; Neoliparis, Bathyphasma, Careproctus, Oyrin- 

 ichihys, Amitra, Paraliparis, Rhinoliparis. 



Fam. 110. Agonidae. Fishes of the cold seas, living among rocks or 

 kelp ; most of small size and fantastic form, not valuable as food ; with 

 8 to 12 longitudinal rows of imbricated radially striated plates. 

 Percis Scop. (Hippocephaltis Swains.), Agonomalus, Hypsagonus, Stel- 

 lerina, Occa, Brachyopsis (Siphagonus), Pallasina, Leptogonus, Podothecus, 

 Agonus B. Schn., A. cataphractus L., sea poacher ; Stelgis, Agonopsis, 

 Averruncus, Sarritor, Xystes, Eaihyagonus, Xenochirus, Odontopyxis, 

 Bothragonus, Aspidophoroides. 



Fam. 111. Triglidae. Gurnards. Elongate, more cr less fusiform, 

 covered with scales or bony plates ; gills 4, a large slit behind the 4th ; 

 pseudobranch and air-bladder present ; latter said to have an open pneu- 

 matic duct (Gunther) ; post-temporal forms an integral part of the cra- 

 nium ; pectoral large with broad base ; 3 lower rays detached and used 

 as feelers ; all warm seas ; grunt when taken out of water, caused either 

 by escape of air through open pneumatic duct, or by compression of air 



