ARTIODACTYLA, SUIDAE. 



581 



FIG. 300. Skull of Susscrofa ferus. 



ulna and fibula are complete and separate from the radius and tibia. 

 There is a single precava. The stomach is fairly simple, with a cardiac 

 pouch and a groove leading towards the pylorus from the oesophageal 

 opening. There is a caecum. The placenta is diffuse, the teats are 

 abdominal and the testes descend into a scrotum. Living forms 

 are confined to the Old 

 World. Fossil remains 

 are firs found in the 

 Eocene of Europe and 

 N. America. Sus L., 

 milk dentition i f c \ 

 m % ; permanent denti- 

 tion i | c \ p $ m|; 

 the canines have per- 

 sistent roots and project 

 as tusks, less developed 

 in the female ; gestation 

 16-20 weeks; palaearctic 

 and oriental regions, in 

 other regions introduced by man ; S, scrofa L., wild boar, with many 

 varieties ; the source of the various breeds of domestic pig is unknown ; 

 S. salvanius Hodg., no larger than a hare, India ; 13 other species are 

 distinguished and many extinct from the Miocene onwards. Potamo- 

 chaerus Gray, river-hogs, Africa and Madagascar. Babirussa Less., * | 



c i P I m S 

 enormous can- 

 ines in the male, 

 the upper pierc- 

 ing the skin, al- 

 most hairless, 1 

 species, Celebes 

 and B uru. 

 Phacochoerus G. 

 Cuv., wart-hogs, 

 with large cuta- 

 neous lobes on 

 each side of the 

 face, i$ c } p f 

 m f ; teeth tend 

 to disappear 

 with age except 

 the canines and 

 posterior mol- 

 ars, which latter 

 attain an enor- 

 mous develop- 

 ment, owing to 



the great number and elongation of the tubercles ; the form of the 

 last molars and the fact that the anterior grinders are gradually 

 worn down and disappear, leaving the last only, constitutes an 

 approximation to the condition in elephants ; 2 sp., Africa. The following 

 extinct genera, many tending to connect the Suidae and Dicotylidae, are 

 placed with the Suidae ; some of them show affinities outside these 



FIG. 301. Left side view of dentition of the boar (Sus scrofa), showing 

 roots exposed (from Flower and Lydekker). t incisors, c canines, 

 pm premolars, m molars. 



