OX SCIENCE TEACHING IX LABORATORIES 189 



In order to bring out more definitely what I mean by a 

 measurement class, and to emphasise the fact, that these 

 measurements are not so fully or systematically taught as is 

 to be desired, I will conclude by giving a list of some of the 

 measurements which might be usefully taught at college to a 

 student who looked forward to becoming an engineer : 



1. Measurements of Length. These would range from micro- 

 metrical measurements for standard gauges up to the modes 

 employed in measuring the base lines of surveys. They would 

 include rough workshop methods and the practical methods 

 used in ordinary surveying and navigation, so that the student 

 might learn not only the maximum accuracy attainable, but the 

 degrees of accuracy required in practice. The methods would 

 include indirect measurements by optical apparatus as well as 

 direct methods lineal measurement for valuation would be 

 included. 



2. Measurements of Surface. These would range from the 

 smallest plane area to be perceived in the microscope up to the 

 areas measured in geodetical operations. The various drawing- 

 office methods of computing plane areas, or measuring these by 

 special instruments, would be practised. Curved surfaces of all 

 degrees would be measured, and various classes of integrators 

 applied. Superficial measurement for valuation would be in- 

 cluded. 



3. Cubic Contents. These measurements would range from 

 determinations of great accuracy, such as are required in scien- 

 tific research, up to the measurement of earthworks, the contents 

 of barrels, tanks, timber. 



I may here remark that these three kinds of measurements 

 alone would require a very large collection of apparatus, and 

 that this collection would require to be extended year by year. 

 I also venture to think that all this information can be far better 

 given in college than during a practical apprenticeship. No 

 single workshop or engineering office contains nearly enough 

 apparatus, nor is it the duty of any one to teach the use of such 

 instruments as may be found there. 



In the following list of heads I abstain from pointing out 

 the large range of measurement required in each. I simplv give 

 the subject-matter of that measurement : 



