APPLIED SCIENCE 



element is the whole series of driven machines in the last of 

 which a resistance is overcome between an element of the 

 machine and the bed plate d. The resisting element is not 







complete unless we take into account the force it exerts at both 

 ends ; the one end of the resisting link of the first machine 

 pushes up the periphery of the fly-wheel c, the other end 

 pushes down the element d; this is precisely the action we 



