98 PASTEUR AND AFTER PASTEUR 



" Our researches on diphtheria and tetanus have 

 led us to the question of immunity and cure in 

 these two diseases : and we have succeeded in 

 curing infected animals, and in immunising healthy 

 animals so that they have become incapable of 

 contracting diphtheria or tetanus." 



The first cases treated with antitoxin were pub- 

 lished by Behring, Kossel, and Heubner, in 1893. 

 The antitoxin was first used in the Hospitals of 

 our Metropolitan Asylums Board in November, 

 1894. To-day, we are able to look back over 

 twenty years of continuous experience in every 

 country of the world. 



One of the earliest reports of results is in a paper, 

 Szrum-Therapie de la Diphterie, published by 

 Roux, Martin, and Chaillou, in the Annales de 

 flnstitut Pasteur, September, 1894. In the Hospital 

 for Sick Children in Paris, before the antitoxin was 

 used, the death-rate in the diphtheria-wards had 

 been as follows : 



In 1890 ... 55-88 per 100 cases] 



1891 ... 52-45 



1892 ... 47-64 



1893 ... 48-47 



-Average, 



51-71. 



Out of 3,971 children, 2,029 had died. Then, 

 in 1894, came the use of the antitoxin. Between 

 February 1 and July 24, 1894, the number of 

 children admitted to the diphtheria-wards was 448. 



