CHOLERA, PLAGUE, TYPHOID FEVER 133 



old excluding, of course, those who had already 

 had typhoid. The total number for treatment was 

 76,000 : the number already treated, without com- 

 pulsion, was 17,000. The French Senate, in the 

 winter of 1913, passed a Bill making the treatment 

 compulsory in the French Army: and, in special 

 circumstances, among reservists. 



In Avignon, in the summer of 1912, there was 

 typhoid in the barracks. Of 2,053 men, 1,366 were 

 protected, and 687 were not. It is on record- 

 hard to believe, but there it is that, though the 

 non-protected, the minority, had 155 cases with 

 21 deaths, the protected, the majority, had not one 

 case. 



For our Army in India, we have the Report, 

 October, 1912, of the Anti-Typhoid Committee 

 appointed by the Army Council : 



" The histories, as regards typhoid fever, of 

 19,314 soldiers, whose average period of service 

 abroad was 20 months, were carefully followed, 

 and every precaution possible was taken to 

 verify the diagnosis bacteriologically. Of this 

 number, 10,378 were inoculated, and 8,936 not 

 inoculated. The case incidence of typhoid fever 

 among the inoculated was 5*39 per 1,000, and 

 among the non-inoculated 30'4 per 1,000. 



" There is no reason for supposing that this 

 difference can be attributed to a want of homo- 

 geneity between the two groups. The age distribu- 

 tion among inoculated and non-inoculated was 



