146 PASTEUR AND AFTER PASTEUR 





the " kingdom of infinitely small things." There- 

 fore he still is in authority over the innumerable 

 purposes and uses of bacteriology. We trace his 

 influence, to begin with we must begin somewhere 

 in the manufacture of nitrates, the purification of 

 sewage, the fertilising of soil,' and the preservation 

 of food : and, more immediately, in the silk-trade, 

 and in the colossal industries of wine-making, 

 vinegar-making, and brewing. 



Again, we trace it in a thousand affairs of sanita- 

 tion and of public health : but no room is left here 

 to write of these. 



Again, it is present in the study of the infective 

 diseases of animals. These diseases have been in- 

 vestigated, during the past thirty years, as they 

 never were before, by methods which are, ulti- 

 mately, from him : and much of the fight against 

 them is on lines laid down by him. Examples 

 which come first to mind are the mallein test for 

 glanders in horses, the tuberculin test for tuber- 

 culosis in cattle, and the protective use of tetanus- 

 antitoxin for horses. Add to these the protective 

 treatments against rinderpest and contagious 

 pleuro-pneumonia in cattle, and the present re- 

 searches into epizootic abortion : and the work of 

 Copeman on distemper, and of Nuttall on malig- 

 nant jaundice of dogs. 



But the advantage of these and the like researches 



