342 



THE PEOPLE'S FARM AND STOCK CYCLOPEDIA. 



not seen the tiny white caterpillar, with its black head, min- 

 ing away at the rich pulp, which it replaces with filth ? In three 



weeks the larva matures, leaves 

 the apple, and in some concealed 

 place spins a silken cocoon (Fig. 

 23, /) and assumes the chry- 

 salis state (Fig. 23, d) . In from 

 nine to fifteen days, varying 

 with the temperature, the moth 

 issues. The apples are again 

 stocked with eggs as before, after 

 which comes a recurrence of 

 all the disgusting work narrated 

 above, except that the larva;, 



FIG. 23 -a, Work in Apple, b. Place of En' UDOU leaving the apple, simply 

 trance, d, Pupa, e, L;irva. / and g, Images- 



h, Head or Larva, t, cocoon. S p^ n cocoons, in which they re- 



main till spring, when they pupate, and in about two weeks the 

 first moths appear. 



The time when the first moths come forth varies from May 

 1st till July 1st; so that moths will be issuing from May 1st till 

 August 1st, and the "worms" will be leaving the apples from 

 the last of June till the fruit is gathered. My own experience 

 seems to show that no pupae are formed after the last week of 

 August, as, so far as I have examined, all larvae that leave the 

 apple after that time simply spin a cocoon, in which they remain 

 as larvae till the next spring. Some of the observing fruit mem 

 of our State think that during the past season many of these 

 insects pupated after that time. Such cases come not within 

 my observation. 



Of those larvae which leave the apple while it still hangs in 

 the tree, about one-half crawl down, till beneath some bark or 

 in some crevice they find seclusion in which to spin unobserved. 

 Those which fall to the ground with the fruit crawl out, and if 

 the ground is free from all rubbish, stumps, etc., they crawl up 

 the tree and hide as before. 



REMEDIES. The old method of placing bands around the 

 tree was not satisfactory, so many would not practice it, and so 



