THE HORSE BREEDING. 589 



Miles gives instances where calves show like influences by 

 previous bulls. A pure Aberdeenshire heifer was served with 

 a Teeswater bull and had a first-cross calf. The following 

 season she had a calf by a pure Aberdeenshire bull, which 

 calf at two years old had long horns, the parents being both 

 hornless. 



This mvsterious influence is not confined to horses and cattle. 



/ 



as we see by the following, and many other similar facts that 

 could be adduced. 



Drs. Miles and Shank, of Lansing, Mich., saw a litter of 

 pigs, got by a pure Berkshire boar out of a pure Berkshire sow. 

 More than half the pigs were apparently Poland-China in the 

 form of the head, and their bodies were spotted with sandy- 

 white. The owner told them the sow, had been bred the year 

 before to a Poland-China boar, and had by him a litter of pigs 

 that were marked as Poland-Chinas. Dr. Miles knew the Berk- 

 shire sow to be a pure bred sow and her stock had never before 

 shown any variations from the pure Berkshire type. 



Of sheep and dogs and chickens, we could give like strik- 

 ing examples, but we think enough have been given to show 

 breeders of pure stock that they can not afford to cross their 

 females with any but pure bred males of good color and form, 

 for the impress made on the females does not end with the pro- 

 duce of that cross. 



So sensitive is the female to the influences of the males 

 while in heat, that even the association with other animals of 

 different markings or breeding have been known to affect the off- 

 spring of the female. Mr. Mustard, of Angus, in Scotland, had 

 a cow that came in heat while in a pasture adjoining one in 

 which a horned ox with black and white spots was grazing. He 

 broke into the pasture where the polled Angus cow was and 

 stayed with her until the cow was brought home to the bull. 

 The cow and the bull that served her, as were all the cattle on 

 the farm of Mr. Mustard, were hornless and black, but the calf 

 of the cow that was in company with the horned black and white 

 ox was marked like the ox, and had horns. This, with many like 

 cases, shows that the mental impressions received at the time 



